2024 Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship Project Descriptions

Faculty Mentor: Patrice Genevet | Applied Mathematics and Statistics

Project Abstract: 

The objective of the project is to develop a digital twin model of a photonic neural network.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student would be responsible for the numerical design, the implementation and the training of the neural network using python pytorch library. The objective is to learn the design of diffractive optical neural network and to provide the research group with optical design capabilities. Depending on the result, the system could be fabricated using nanofabrication facilities (ebeam lithography and etching) and tested experimentally.

Faculty Mentor: Anna Staerz | Applied Mathematics and Statistics

Project Abstract: 

Metal oxide electrochemical systems are poised to play a key role in the energy transition. Fuel cells enable the highly efficient conversion of hydrogen to electrical energy. Hydrogen, in turn, is considered a pollutant free energy carrier because when used as a fuel only water is released. Although SOFCs are more robust than other fuel cell types, they may suffer from degradation, due to extrinsic poisons or decomposition of the electrode material. While research has focused on bulk property optimization of electrodes, recent results indicate that surface chemistry is crucial.
The metal oxide electrode surface/gas interfaces are central to the operation of these devices and for intentional system development both the chemistry and the charge transfer must be understood. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) allows losses to be differentiated between e.g. grain boundaries, transfer across interfaces and diffusion limitations, and is widely used to study SOFCs. Data interpretation is highly complex but would benefit from an understanding of surface chemistry. Operando diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) is a surface sensitive method successfully used to study the chemistry at the metal oxide surface/ ambient interface in gas sensing and catalysis. DRIFTS can be used in parallel to EIS, i.e. chemical information and charge transfer insights could be simultaneously gained. In this project we will develop a set-up that allows both methods to be used simultaneously.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The role of the student is to aid in developing the measurement chamber. This will include prototyping using a 3D printer and tests controlling a resistive microheater. Using the optimized chamber measurements will be done and the student will help with data interpretation.
The student will work closely with a PhD student who started the project last year. Additionally, I have an open door policy and will be always available. We were recently invited to submit a perspective on IR spectroscopy for high temperature systems, and the student will be an active participant in preparing this manuscript. We have biweekly meetings in which we discuss relevant literature.

The student will gain experience in prototyping measurement chambers using a 3D printer, soldering, fuel cell measurements, IR spectroscopic data interpretation, and reading and writing academic papers.

By the end of this internship the student will be able to:
-create a CAD design for hardware based on a experiments needs
-interpret IR spectroscopy and fuel cell data
-consolidate findings in a written form

Faculty Mentor: Scott Strong | Applied Mathematics and Statistics

Project Abstract: 

Filaments and ribbons are the geometric objects underpinning a diverse set of important mathematical models in fluids, e.g., vortex lines in classical and quantum hydrodynamics [2,3], natural and artificial swimmers, as well as biological soft matter [2-4], e.g., backbone and coiling of DNA and the proteins it synthesizes [5-7]. The dynamics of these contours in their ambient environments are often prescribed by the nonlinear evolution of its geometric variables, and we tend to understand/characterize the medium by the types of nonlinear waves it supports. In a 2022 SURF [1], we found a nonlinear evolution equation for a filament’s curvature and torsion applicable to both contexts and in this SURF, we seek to do two things. First, we will learn about this phenomenon by studying the relevant geometric analysis underpinning the mathematical models and creating suitable simulation and visualization environments. Second, we will extend these understandings to the case of ribbon geometries as they relate to the nonlinear dynamics of DNA, protein complexes, and swimmers. The successful applicant will have strong geometric visualization skills, the ability to decode the physical contexts of our models, work with codes in a scientific computing environment, and a background in differential equations.

[1] Jacob S. Hofer, Scott A. Strong, Hasimoto transformation of general flows expressed in the Frenet frame, Applied Numerical Mathematics, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnum.2023.01.012.
[2] https://web.stanford.edu/~cantwell/AA200_Course_Material/AA200_Course_Notes/AA200_Ch_12_Wings_of_Finite_Span_Cantwell.pdf
[3] Quantized vortex dynamics and superfluid turbulence: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/3-540-45542-6
[4] Lyndon Koens, Eric Lauga; Slender-ribbon theory. Physics of Fluids 1 January 2016; 28 (1): 013101. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4938566
[5] Chirikjian GS. Framed curves and knotted DNA. Biochem Soc Trans. 2013 Apr;41(2):635-8. doi: 10.1042/BST20120346. PMID: 23514168.
[6] Zdravković, S. (2022). Nonlinear Dynamics of DNA Chain. In: Zdravković, S., Chevizovich, D. (eds) Nonlinear Dynamics of Nanobiophysics. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5323-1_3
[7] Arnaud Djine, Guy Roger Deffo, Serge Bruno Yamgoué, Bifurcation of backward and forward solitary waves in helicoidal Peyrard–Bishop–Dauxois model of DNA, Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2023.113334.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The successful applicant will be expected to grow to work independently by keeping records to report progress, difficulties, and prospecting efficiently. Beyond these growth objectives, the student will also learn about the physical settings contextualizing the results of differential geometry applied to space curves/ribbons and wave motion in nonlinear media. To support this endeavor, the principal investigator will mentor the undergraduate researcher through twice-weekly meetings where reporting, reflection, and planning will be emphasized. A strong understanding of multivariate calculus and differential equations is required; familiarity with linear algebra and partial differential equations is helpful but optional.

Faculty Mentor: Kevin Cash | Chemical and Biological Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Our lab has developed a 3D printed/rapid prototyped small fluorescence imaging system. Traditional small animal imaging systems are expensive (measured in the millions of dollars), precluding use in research settings without extensive needs and funding. Our initial prototype is able to do three color imaging, and is controlled by a raspberry pi. See more details here: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.10.06.561111v1

This project is to develop a portable version of the openIVIS imaging system for field applications – effectively we want to put openIVIS into a Pelican case to bring it to field sites.

Desired student attributes: maker/prototyper skills & desire to build them. This includes 3d modeling, 3d printing, microelectronics, raspberry pi use, arduino use, etc.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student would be the primary lead on the travel version, based on our already existing lab-based version and a prototype travel version. Mentoring from PI and a graduate student working on the project.

Faculty Mentor: Amadeu Sum | Chemical and Biological Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Gas hydrates, formed from water and small-sized molecules bounded by pressure and temperature conditions, have many facets which in my view can be seen as good, bad, ugly, and beautiful. In whichever way one considers gas hydrates, a multiscale and multiphase approach must be employed to account for all the interactions that they manifest under arrested or flowing conditions, with all the phases present (gas, liquid, solid), and at the scales ranging from pores to flow lines to reservoirs. While a large body of knowledge on gas hydrates has been generated over the last decades applied to gas hydrates in multiphase systems, there has been a significant knowledge gap in considering the formation of gas hydrates in multiphase systems under multiphase flow conditions that are typically encountered in productions flowlines. Multiphase flow plays a critical and defining role in the formation, accumulation, and transportability of gas hydrates. Our recent focus on gas hydrates and multiphase flow has expanded the understanding on the process of hydrate formation and given new insight into the mechanism for gas hydrate transportability. This project seeks to perform experimental work to measure multiphase flow of gas+oil+ water and quantify its impact on the formation and transportability of gas hydrates. Gas hydrates is a major flow assurance in the production of oil and gas, and their management is key to allow for more efficient production.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Students will be responsible for performing experiments, analyzing data, and prepare summary reports. The student will work with graduate students and postdocs as mentors. Students will learn safe laboratory practices in working with hydrocarbon fluids (gas and liquids) and high pressure equipment. Concepts of thermodynamics will be widely used as basis for analysis including image processing using custom Python codes.

Faculty Mentor: Christopher Josh Ramey | Chemical and Biological Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Hydrogels are cross-linked matrices of polymers with a propensity to hold water and solutes. The development of hydrogel biomaterials has been motived by their numerous applications across biotechnology, including in drug delivery, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, cell culture studies, bioseparations, and many more. Recent efforts have focused on the development of stimuli-responsive and protein-based hydrogels. The former allows the hydrogel to dynamically respond to environmental triggers (e.g. shifts in temperature or pH) while the latter allows increased biocompatibility and precise tunability via mutagenesis. Our interest is in the materials design of hydrogels through the use of self-assembling coiled-coil peptide motifs.

This Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) project focuses on utilizing E. coli for the expression and purification of coiled-coil peptide motifs, with an aim to investigate their use in creating hydrogels for biomedical purposes. The program is designed to provide students with a thorough understanding of biotechnological methods and their practical applications, specifically in addressing challenges in the biomedical field.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Students Role
1. Analyze Protein Expression Systems in E. coli: Students will critically analyze the use of E. coli for expressing recombinant proteins, focusing on the selection of vectors, promoters, and expression conditions to optimize protein yield.
2. Evaluate Protein Purification Techniques: Students will evaluate various protein purification methods, including affinity, ion exchange, and size-exclusion chromatography, to determine the most effective technique for isolating their target protein with high purity.
3. Optimize Conditions for Protein Yield and Purity: Students will apply optimization strategies to expression conditions and purification protocols, aiming to enhance both the yield and purity of the expressed protein, and will develop solutions for common challenges such as solubility issues.
4. Assess Protein Identity and Purity: Participants will employ advanced analytical techniques, such as SDS-PAGE and Western blotting, to assess the identity, purity, and functional activity of their purified proteins, ensuring they meet the criteria for subsequent applications.
5. Synthesize Applications for Purified Proteins: Learners will synthesize information on the characteristics and functionalities of their purified proteins to propose innovative applications in fields like drug delivery and biomaterials development, highlighting the impact of protein purity and activity on research outcomes.
6. Explore data-driven inference techniques (i.e., machine learning) to predict coiled-coil properties on the basis of protein sequences; experience with machine learning or computer modeling is neither expected nor required.

Faculty Mentor: Nanette Boyle | Chemical and Biological Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Algae can serve as a potential source of sustainable fuels due to their relatively high lipid content and fast growth (compared to land plants). We have built a model to predict how changes in metabolic genes impact the desired phenotypes; our computational metabolic model has identified several knockout mutants that lead to higher lipid content and growth rate. This project will focus on the construction of these mutants in two green alga species: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Auxenochlorella protothecoides. After making these mutants, we will characterize the mutants by monitoring their growth in continous and day/night cycles. We will also measure lipid content.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will be working with a graduate student to learn molecular cloning techniques and how to monitor growth and lipid content. The student will be asked to attend group meetings to present their research and discuss their results. Regular meetings with the PI and the grad student will enable to student to ask questions, troubleshoot experiments and design future experiments.

Faculty Mentor: Stephanie Kwon | Chemical and Biological Engineering

Project Abstract: 

This work aims to design and demonstrate a novel fluidized bed catalytic reactor/receiver system to drive endothermic steam and dry reforming processes for syn-gas (CO/H2) production using concentrated solar energies. This work will provide strategies for catalysts and operating conditions for the efficient utilization of solar energy to drive endothermic chemical processes. The successful demonstration of the proposed work will directly impact sustainable fuel and chemical production by exploring the efficient conversion of solar energy and biogas into fuels and chemicals, which can become a pathway for long-term solar energy storage. Implementing solar reactors will also significantly reduce CO2 emissions from current reforming processes by eliminating requirements for fuel combustion to provide heat for endothermic reactions. In doing so, the results of this work will ultimately catalyze decarbonization across industrial sectors by providing scalable H2 production pathways with low carbon emissions.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student involved in this project will have in-depth experience in core engineering concepts, including reaction kinetics, reactor design, fluid mechanics, and thermodynamics. During the summer internship, the student will learn how to design, build, and operate a lab-scale packed bed flow reactor and to design, synthesize, and test catalytic materials.

Faculty Mentor: Anuj Chauhan | Chemical and Biological Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is the leading cause of the dry eye disease which affects 6 to 7 million people in the United States. The Meibomian glands in MGD dry eye patients are unable to secrete oily lipids resulting in loss of the lipid layer on the surface of tears, leading to an increase in tear evaporation. Current treatments for patients with MGD include warming of the glands to temperature higher than melting point of the meibomian in MGD patients to increase secretion of the lipids, which will increase tear volume and reduce dry eyes symptoms. Most commercial therapies for the warming-treatment heat eyelids from the outside even though the glands are located close to the inner surface of the eyelids in contact with tears. Warming from outside requires heat to be applied at about 45 oC which can cause discomfort and burns. Additionally, heat supplied to the eyelids can reach the cornea which can also damage the cornea, particularly in conjunction with applied massage. We are proposing a novel approach for warming the eyelids from inside by designing gold nanoparticle loaded contact lenses (GoldInLens) which can be warmed by exposure to a low intensity light source due to the absorption of light by gold nanoparticles due to surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect. To use the GoldInLens treatment, patients will insert the lens, and then keep their eyes open while the lens is exposed to the light source for about 10 s to increase lens temperature to the targeted 40 oC. The patients will then close the eyes to warm the Meibomian glands. The lens will cool during this phase and so after certain time, which will be determined in this study, the patients will open eyes for subsequent exposure to the light source to warm the lens. This cycle of warming of lens during open eyes followed by warming of the glands during closed eyes will be repeated for 10 min. To eliminate the potential for cornea damage, we will design a piggyback system by placing the GoldInLens on top of a low thermal conductivity polymethyl methacrylate contact lens which will act as an insulator to minimize exposure of the cornea to the elevated temperatures. Additionally, gradient lenses with gold nanoparticles located only near the front surface will be prepared to produce the benefits of the piggyback design but with a simpler manufacturing process. Lenses will be tested extensively in vitro for transparency, warming, and proof-of-concept in vivo studies will be conducted in rabbits to explore feasibility. The overall hypothesis of this study is that gradient or piggyback lenses of gold nanoparticles will warm the inner eyelid preferentially, relative to the ocular surface.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Learning Objectives:
1. To learn how to manufacture gold nanoparticles
2. To learn how to manufacture control and GNP loaded contact lenses
3. To measure temperature at the surface of the contact lens after exposing the GNP loaded contact lens to green light
4. To model heat transfer in the GNP loaded contact lenses
5. To image GNP in the contact lenses
6. To measure Absorbance spectra to the GNPs in solution and GNP loaded contact lenses
7. To determine optimal GNP size and concentration in the lenses
8. To learn effective communication skills

Mentoring.
The undergrad researchers will be jointly mentored by the faculty advisor and postdoc. The mentoring will include regular meetings and presentations.

Faculty Mentor: Andy Herring | Chemical and Biological Engineering

Project Abstract: 

This is part of the Energy Earth Shot Research Center, Center for Ionomer Interventions in Water Electrolysis (CIWE) led by LBNL. The goals of this project are to gain fundamental understanding of polymer/polymer and polymer/catalyst interfaces important to polymer electrolyte based water electrolysis. The ultimate goal of this research is the DOE goal of the production of Hydrogen at 1$/1 Kg by 2030.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will characterize polymer electrolytes and fabricate polymer electrolyte membranes. The student will learn the basic principles of electrochemical engineering and relevant polymer physics.

Faculty Mentor: Carolyn Koh | Chemical and Biological Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Interfacial properties are critical in all energy applications of clathrate hydrates, e.g. fuel recovery, transportation, storage, as well as carbon capture and sequestration (CCS). Furthermore, the interfacial techniques (interfacial tension, wettability, emulsion stability) are important in a wide range of research areas. The goals of this project are to measure and analyze the interfacial properties of clathrate hydrate systems for clean energy applications.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Learning Objectives: To learn the fundamental principles of interfacial tension, contact angle (wettability), emulsion preparation and stability, including the theory and experimental measurement techniques.

Mentoring: Weekly meetings with Prof. C. Koh and a graduate student in the hydrate center. C. Koh with the hydrate center researcher(s) will advise the student with the formulation, design, methods, analysis of the research in the project.

Faculty Mentor: Diego Gomez Gualdron | Chemical and Biological Engineering

Project Abstract: 

The increase of CO2 concentration in Earth’s atmosphere has been negatively affecting the planet’s climate for several decades. To mitigate these negative effects in the present and near future, it is necessary to follow a multi-pronged approach to reduce the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere, which include the capture of CO2 from air and from point sources. The challenge is that as there are millions of potential MOF designs (i.e., variations in chemistry and architecture), it is impossible to screen and test all the possibilities with experiments. Therefore, this project is interested in the use of molecular simulation and machine learning to aid the development of “nanosponge” materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to capture CO2, by predicting the CO2 capture properties of hypothesized MOF designs before their synthesis and experimental testing is attempted.

However, the molecular simulation of CO2 capture in MOFs, while significantly faster than experimental measurements, is still not fast enough to be applied to millions of hypothesized designs, so this projects looks to leverage previously obtained data for capture of CO2 and other gases to develop a machine learning model that can make instantaneous predictions of CO2 capture. Specifically, this project looks to explore a machine learning technique called “transfer learning” (which would allow us to leverage the previously existing gas capture data) to be able to obtain the desired machine learning model.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Student’s role:
-We have generated and collected all molecular simulation data for this project, so the student is expected to assist one grad student in analyzing the data and testing different approaches to train of the machine model, and help identify the most effective one.

Mentoring activities:
-Scheduled weekly “molecular simulation and machine learning ” tutorial/workshops given by grad students
-Scheduled weekly individual “research update” meetings with Faculty
-On-the-fly mentoring by one grad student.

Learning objectives:
-Use Python to collect, organize, dissect, transfer, plot and analyze molecular simulation data
-Use Python libraries to train machine learning models
– Develop a basic understanding of how machine learning techniques work
– Develop a high level understanding of how adsorbents can be used to capture CO2

Faculty Mentor: Colin Wolden | Chemical and Biological Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Hydrogen ammonia blends are a zero carbon fuel that can be potentially used as a drop in replacement for typical hydrocarbons such as natural gas and diesel.
Our group is exploring ways to make these fuel blends more efficiently and then how to use them efficiently in applications such as combustion and engine,

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student would assist graduate student/postdoc in the development of catalytic membrane reactors employed for production of these fuel belnds. This might involve development of catalysts, membranes or both. A second project would be utilization of these blends in combustion or to power a generator. Here the focus ins on understanding what fuel blends are most efficient and which minimize the production of NOx.

Faculty Mentor: Ramya Kumar| Chemical and Biological Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will learn to perform surface-initiated polymerization to synthesize polymer brushes with varying degrees of sulfation. This will require training in the use of a Schlenk line, glove bag, and other air-free technique. Then they will characterize the polymer brushes using spectroscopic elliposmetry, FTIR, XPS, contact angle goniometry. They will perform ELISA studies to compare bFGF binding on the polymer brush library synthesized.
The student will work closely with the faculty mentor, a senior undergraduate student, and graduate student mentors. The student will present monthly at group meeting and also present a poster in the Fall.

Faculty Mentor: Shubham Vyas | Chemistry

Project Abstract: 

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been used in a wide variety of applications since the 1940s due to their unique properties such as both hydro- and lipophobicity, and heat resistance. The same properties that make them highly useful also make them extremely recalcitrant towards both oxidative and reductive degradation. Short-chain PFAS, in particular, represent a diverse and proliferated group of environmental contaminants which remain understudied compared to their long-chain counterparts. The bio-accumulation potential of PFAS, coupled with their global impact and the hazards they pose to humans and wildlife, necessitate effective degradation strategies. One such strategy is oxidative degradation by energetic species such as radicals. This study will specifically focus on the molecular mechanisms involved in degradation of PFAS through redox processes. Chemical computations with possible targeted experiments will be performed to probe these molecular mechanisms.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Performing chemical computations using density functional theory on high performance computing facility
Demonstrating success in extracting thermodynamic and kinetic data from computational log files, and assessing their importance in molecular mechanisms of PFAS degradation.

Faculty Mentor: Michael McGuirk | Chemistry

Project Abstract: 

Conductive materials serve as the backbone for the battery technologies that have revolutionized the way we live. However, the critical minerals used in these materials present geopolitical pinch-points and pose societal and environmental issues due to enhanced mining. Therefore, there is great motivation to discover alternative conducting materials than those currently used. Our lab has recently discovered a class of noncovalent materials in which the presence of chalcogen elements produces a rare form of conductivity in primarily organic species. Building on this discovery, we are working to characterize these materials and understand their potential for future battery technologies.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will learn about organic and inorganic synthetic chemistry, electrochemistry, and crystallography techniques. The student will be mentored by both a 3rd year Ph.D. student and the PI (McGuirk)

Faculty Mentor: Alan Sellinger | Chemistry

Project Abstract: 

Recently a new type of solar cell has been realized, termed perovskite solar cells, that can achieve efficiencies even higher than the commercially entrenched polycrystalline silicon. Important parts of these solar cells utilize organic and polymer charge transport layers. This project will involve the design and synthesis of these organic and polymer materials for application in perovskite solar cells.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will work closely with Prof. Sellinger and graduate students to design , synthesize and characterize organic and polymer materials for application as charge transport materials in perovskite solar cells.

Faculty Mentor: Annalise Maughan | Chemistry

Project Abstract: 

Developing the next-generation of solid-state battery materials requires a fundamental understanding of electrochemical processes with respect to operating parameters such as time and temperatures. Parametric electrochemistry measurements are often time-consuming and require substantial user chaperoning, and there is currently no commercial instrumentation that allows for automated sequencing of measurements. The goal of this SURF project is to develop a Python program and graphical user interface (GUI) to interface and control several pieces of laboratory equipment dedicated to solid-state battery research that will enable users to perform parametric studies with little intervention or oversight.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student engaged in this project will work to independently develop code in Python to control laboratory equipment. The student will also develop a graphical user interface (GUI) that will allow users to control several pieces of equipment, sequence measurements, and visualize data in real time. The student will be mentored by the faculty member and will interface closely with graduate students and post doctoral researchers in the group to identify necessary program functionalities and to test the capabilities of the Python program “in situ”. Through this experience, the student will learn advanced Python programming and the theoretical foundations of electrochemical processes. The student will also participate in group meetings and share updates and progress throughout the SURF program. The participating student is required to have, at minimum, intermediate experience in Python programming.

Faculty Mentor: Brian Trewyn | Chemistry

Project Abstract: 

In cases of people suffering from dysphagia, the transport of liquids, solids and orally administered medications is impeded from the pharynx to the stomach. Administration of drugs for people suffering from dysphagia typically follows non-oral routes, leading to discomfort and poor patient compliance. Herein, we aim to develop a delivery system that will release drugs and therapeutic agents in the oral cavity through hydrolysis of natural glucose polymers used as stimuli-responsive gates reactive to digestive enzymes coating a mesoporous silica scaffolding or in the form of starch nanoparticles. The scientific innovation includes a systematic investigation of the potential these delivery vehicles can have to release drugs when enzymatically stimulated. Conceptually, we will explore the kinetics and efficiency of release by the specific glucose polymer, or polymer mixture, used to coat the scaffolding or compose the nanoparticle. Additionally, interactions of delivery vehicles with oral mucosal cells will be investigated. This is research that has been investigated in our laboratory and we are seeking individuals who can explore molecule-surface interactions, variables that can be used to tune the drug release kinetics, and pushing the envelope on enzyme controlled release so we can move into other enzyme stimulated release mechanisms.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The mentoring activities of this project comes in the form of cooperative and team-oriented research involving participants from high school age through the PI. Students will receive hands-on training on numerous state-of-the-art instrumentation along with chemical syntheses and characterization and biochemical and biological techniques. This research will also exploit techniques and methods taught in biochemistry laboratory courses, focused on different effects on enzyme kinetics (Michaelis-Menten) in a drug delivery system along. The impact to students is first-hand experience in working cooperatively and essential skills that go into scientific research and understanding, such as the importance of proper controls, statistical analysis, communication, skills that are required in all areas of science and engineering.
Learning outcomes:
Demonstrate understanding of the chemistry of mesoporous silica nanoparticle synthesis and characterization
Apply fundamental Michaelis-Menten kinetic equations to decipher and report the enzyme kinetics of amylase on various biopolymers and conditions.
Describe the nature of drug delivery vehicle based off of multiple characterization techniques.

Faculty Mentor: Mark Jensen | Chemistry

Project Abstract: 

The next generation of technology for recycling nuclear fuel will likely be based on electrorefining in molten salts. Molten salts under consideration for nuclear fuel recycling are usually eutectic mixtures simple inorganic salts, for example LiCl/KCl, with melting temperatures between 400 and 800 °C. These inorganic molten slats are intrinsically radiation resistant, and recycling used nuclear fuel with molten salt electrochemistry carries safety advantages and potentially large cost savings over traditional nuclear separations processes. The electrodes are a key part of any electrochemical process. The components of the nuclear fuel, especially the uranium that makes up 95% of used nuclear fuel, are expected to interact differently with different electrode materials; however the mechanisms of the interactions between the electrodes and the components of the fuel are not understood. This project will use electrochemical techniques to examine how important components of used nuclear fuel deposit on different electrode materials from particular molten salts.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Roles: The student will gain expertise in performing and interpreting electrochemical experiments in molten salt systems within an inert atmosphere glovebox environment. They will perform experiments, analyze and interpret the experimental data, coordinate with other researchers, and synthesize and present the results. Prior successful completion of CHGN 336 – Analytical Chemistry or CHGN 351 – Physical Chemistry 1 is necessary in order to fulfil these roles.

Learning Objectives:
– Demonstrate safe work with molten salts under an inert atmosphere
– Use of electrochemical techniques to study electrodeposition of lanthanide or actinide elements from molten salts
– Develop laboratory record keeping, reporting, and presentation skills

Mentoring Activities: Day to day mentoring of the student will be performed by a senior graduate student with extensive experience in the experimental techniques and in teaching undergraduate students. Student will participate in applicable research group activities, and meet individually with faculty on a regular schedule (at least weekly) to the research as well as student development.

Faculty Mentor: Michael McGuirk | Chemistry

Project Abstract: 

Porous materials are ever present in our industrial world, being used for everything from petrochemical purification to the desalination of water. However, with the global push to a zero carbon world, alternative materials that are more tunable for specific applications are needed. Our lab has pioneered a new class of porous materials, termed halogen-bonded organic frameworks, leveraging a recently recognized form noncovalent bonding to build these materials. Pushing from our first results, we are now seeking to understand how these materials are formed, their structural integrity, and how they can be diversified.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will be trained in organic chemistry and techniques in the chemistry laboratory towards synthesizing a series of target molecules that we hypothesize can assemble into robust porous materials. The student will learn about organic chemistry, supramolecular assembly, and X-ray crystallography. The student will be mentored by a 4th graduate student and the PI (McGuirk)

Faculty Mentor: Svitlana Pylypenko | Chemistry

Project Abstract: 

This project aims to investigate low temperature fuel cells and electrolyzers, focusing on understanding the mechanisms of catalyst layer degradation. The study will use X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, a powerful technique for analyzing the elemental and chemical composition of the surface of the catalyst layer. The research will focus on changes in the surface speciation of the catalyst, support, and ionomer, by comparing the catalyst layers made with different catalysts and exposed to different degradation stressors.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student is expected to conduct XPS analysis, which involves various stages such as sample preparation, setting up experiments, data processing, analysis, data interpretation, and correlation to electrochemical properties. The learning objectives of this exercise include understanding the principles of XPS, hands-on experience with vacuum-based instruments, learning data analysis using processing software, understanding the properties of materials, the importance of surface for catalysis, and types of degradation mechanisms. This is a collaborative project, and the students will gain experience working in a team environment. The student will be mentored by the principal investigator (PI) and a graduate student. They will participate in both group and project meetings, where the student will have the opportunity to practice presentation and communication skills.

Faculty Mentor: Michael McGuirk | Chemistry

Project Abstract: 

Plastic pollution is a global crisis, exasperated by current shortcomings in mechanical recycling for this waste stream. As an alternative, our lab is developing catalytic approaches to degrading polyolefin plastic waste. In doing so we hope to develop a low energy approach to producing a reusable stream towards making closed loop chemical recycling a possibility.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will learn organic and inorganic synthetic techniques in the chemistry laboratory, in the vein of synthesizing the targeted catalyst for subsequent testing in polyolefin degradation. The student will be directly mentored by both the PI (McGuirk) and a 4th year graduate student from the chemistry department.

Faculty Mentor: Alan Sellinger | Chemistry

Project Abstract: 

This project aims to create an inexpensive method that will not only allow for the accurate detection of special nuclear materials (SNM) but also help differentiate between actual hazardous materials and benign materials that can also emit gamma rays. To achieve this, some specific objectives of the project are, synthesizing and optimizing novel fluorescent dopants, fabrication of scintillators from fluorescent dopants, increasing scintillator performance – light yield, neutron/gamma discrimination, stability, cost, etc, and demonstrating new scintillator technology that rivals or surpasses the current state of the art. Achieving the two final objectives stated can also serve as a valuable metric for project success.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student would work closely with Prof. Sellinger and graduate students in designing and performing synthetic organic/polymer chemistry towards new scintillator materials. The student will learn state-of-the-art organic chemistry techniques along with using materials characterization equipment within our lab and the department.

Faculty Mentor: Lori Tunstall | Civil and Environmental Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Biochar is a carbon negative material produced by heating biomass in a limited-to-no oxygen environment, a process called pyrolysis. This process traps the carbon in the biochar, preventing it from oxidizing and being released during biomass decomposition. Since cement is a main contributor to global CO2 emissions, we can use this carbon negative biochar material to replace a portion of the cement powder to create a carbon neutral concrete. This results in similar or improved concrete strength compared to traditional concrete. To accelerate adoption of biochar concrete, it is necessary to collect data on other performance metrics, such as freeze/thaw durability, strength activity index, chloride resistance, etc. This project will focus on collecting the additional performance data necessary to help reduce barriers for commercial application of biochar concrete, ultimate reducing global CO2 emissions.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The successful applicant will be responsible for many hands-on laboratory activities, including making concrete samples and testing compressive strength, freeze/thaw durability, chloride resistance, slump, yield, etc. If the biochar concrete performs worse than traditional concrete, the student will work with graduate students and Prof. Tunstall to determine how to modify the mix design and/or biochar to improve its performance. By the end of this project, the student will be able to independently measure several concrete properties following ASTM standards, apply basic materials science principles to solve real problems, evaluate scholarly works for application in problem solving, and modify mix designs to enhance performance, among other skills. The student will benefit from an inviting, collaborative environment, working closely with other undergraduate students, graduate students, and postdocs to solve real-world problems through research! Other mentoring activities will be tailored to the specific applicant and may include introductions to Prof. Tunstall’s professional network, visits to a construction site and/or ready-mix quality control lab, career counseling, etc.

Faculty Mentor: Christopher Higgins | Civil and Environmental Engineering

Project Abstract: 

The presence of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in water supplies across the state of Colorado has raised concerns for drinking water providers throughout the state. In particular, given the likely regulation of PFASs (sometimes known as “forever chemicals”) by federal and state drinking water agencies, there is an urgent need to assess all sources of PFASs to waters in the State of Colorado. Sources can include use of aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) by the military and local fire departments, discharge from wastewater utilities and landfills, as well as potential impacts from recreational activities such as skiing and snowboarding. In this project, a student will work with a graduate student or postdoctoral fellow (and collaborators at the state regulatory agencies) to first identify potentially impacted sites and then sample waters of the state for PFASs. The student would also be assisting in the sample preparation and analysis, though the bulk of their time would be spent in the field collecting samples.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student would be directly supervised by a graduate student or postdoctoral fellow as part of the PFAS@Mines Initiative. They would be learning:
1) What are the potential sources of PFASs to the environment throughout the state
2) How PFAS samples are collected
3) How PFAS samples are analyzed.
We also plan to develop a program for more professional development of the undergraduates, including learning about graduate research, career paths, how to present research at scientific meetings, etc.

Faculty Mentor: tzahi cath | Civil and Environmental Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Faculty Mentor: Reza Hedayat | Civil and Environmental Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Lightweight aggregates (LWAs) have a low density while maintaining adequate mechanical properties, making them exceptionally suitable for a range of civil and construction applications. The usage of LWAs in concrete is increasing, as many of their properties, including unit weight, internal curing, insulating coefficient, and sound dampening qualities, are better than those of natural normal-weight aggregates. Also, natural normal- and light-weight aggregates are limited in supply and their consumption adversely affects the environment. There is an increasing interest in producing LWAs through conversion of other waste products such as mine tailings, which are the finely ground residue from the mining operation after the economically recoverable commodity is extracted from the ore materials. The storage and handling of mine tailings pose significant economic and environmental problems and the reuse of mine tailings in high-volume applications such as construction materials provides golden opportunities for tailings reduction. Therefore, further development of technologies to produce LWAs from mine tailings will significantly benefit several advanced industries such as “infrastructure engineering” by production of sustainable and valuable construction materials and “energy and natural resources” by utilization of mining waste and reduction of waste deposition.
Our research team at Colorado School of Mines has successfully developed a laboratory-based technique for utilization of mine tailings for production of LWAs for use in construction industry and has achieved the “proof of principle” milestone. The technique involves the creation of LWAs through alkaline activation of mine tailings, using a pan pelletizer where an activator is sprayed on the mine tailings to dissolve the aluminosilicates, form a gel, and bind the tailings to form spherical granules of LWAs. This technique is more energy efficient than other commonly used granulation techniques that require high-temperature sintering and/or cement-based palletization. We have successfully examined the suitability of our alkali-activation technique for seven different sources of mine tailings, mainly collected from mining operations in Peru in production of LWAs with satisfactory physical properties per ASTM standards. We have the expertise and state-of-the-art facilities for this research work and with the help of this UG scholar, we plan to develop the technology further, focusing on the tailings collected from Colorado’s storage facilities.
Although LWA production using mine tailings with reactive aluminosilicates is a proven technology as shown through our proof of principle research work, the use of the produced LWAs in lightweight concrete and mortar and its influences on the properties of concrete such as strength, durability, and performance have not yet been explored, highlighting an important gap that needs to be filled prior to commercialization of this technology.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Assist with the characterization, production and use of lightweight aggregates for concrete use. Student will work closely with the faculty mentor and the graduate students and will be involved in scholarly contributions resulting from the lab work. Our group has a track record of over 20 publications resulting from prior undergraduate research experiences.

Faculty Mentor: Shilai Hao | Civil and Environmental Engineering

Project Abstract: 

This project will apply a novel and promising thermal treatment process, hydrothermal alkaline treatment (HALT), to harvested plants from phytoremediation of highly persistent pollutants, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), contamination. The harvested plant with super accumulated contaminates can be considered hazardous waste which requires further disposal. Ideally, we can simultaneously remove the contaminants and turn the hazardous waste into valuable energy resources via HALT, which will be examined in this project.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will work with the team to run batch reactions at varying reaction conditions, analyze the residual concentrations of contaminants, and characterize the properties of biofuel after hydrothermal treatment. A comprehensive suite of advanced analytical methods including higher-solution mass spectrometry will be used. Ideally, an optimal reaction condition that can destroy most contaminants and achieve a high yield of biofuel will be determined. The student will meet regularly with the mentor to discuss progress and plan the next experiments.

Faculty Mentor: Yangming Shi | Civil and Environmental Engineering

Project Abstract: 

The wide adoption of EVs also brings challenges to the existing civil infrastructure system. For example, EV fires burn hotter, longer, and take more resources to extinguish than fires involving vehicles with traditional combustion engines. The first responders’ current work standards, training protocols, and training methods related to EV emergencies are dangerously outdated. This project will create an embodied Virtual Reality (VR) training environment that lowers the knowledge barrier of existing EV emergency response methods and helps the existing first responders gain the basic knowledge and motor skills for EV emergency response. This project is organized into two objectives: (1) To explore and develop the simulated illusory embodiment VR training environment; (2) To create a novel training curriculum with the proposed VR system. The knowledge generated from this proposed project will be valuable for firefighters, law enforcement professionals, EMS, and tow truck drivers. It will enable first responders to make more informed decisions when preparing for and responding to EV-related incidents. (2) Developing a skilled EV emergency response workforce can help promote EV adoption to achieve global sustainable goals, as consumers are more likely to purchase EVs if they believe EVs are reliable, cost-effective, and safe.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Undergraduate student’s roles:

Assist in developing virtual reality (VR) system

Conduct human-subject experiment

Familiar with the biosensors for measuring neurophysiological data and helping in data processing

I will mentor students in developing VR systems, designing human subject experiments, data collection, and data analysis. Programming skills are not required.

Faculty Mentor: Christopher Bellona | Civil and Environmental Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) contamination of water resources across the United States is well documented. Currently, best available technologies for the removal of PFAS from aqueous streams includes adsorbents such as activated carbon and ion exchange resin. While the use of these adsorbents for treatment of groundwater is well established, significantly less information is available for the treatment of surface waters impacted by PFAS. This proposed work will compliment ongoing research evaluating approaches to improve the removal of PFAS from difficult to treat waters including contaminated surface water from holding ponds at Peterson Air Force Base.

Challenges associated with treatment of surface waters include clogging of adsorbent media (from suspended solids and algae) and the negative impact of organic matter on adsorbent media usage rates. The objective of this project is to evaluate various pretreatment processes including sand filtration, coagulation/flocculation and sedimentation and ozonation for the improvement of adsorptive PFAS removal. The student will focus on the use of rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCTs) for evaluating adsorbability of PFAS onto available medias.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will learn the fundamentals of RSSCTs, and how to design and set-up and run RSSCTs, . The student will work among a group of graduate students and will assist in the pretreatment of collected water samples using the aforementioned processes. During operation of the RSSCTs, the student will collect samples, assist in chemical analysis and perform requisite data analysis to assess the most effective adsorbent media and pretreatment process for treatment of surface water.

Specific learning objectives for this project include:
– Describe the advantages and disadvantages of RSSCTs to assess adsorptive media performance.
– Determine the operating parameters of an RSSCT using design equations.
– Develop PFAS breakthrough curves from analytical data.
– Effectively communicate laboratory derived PFAS treatability data.

Faculty Mentor: Estelle Smith | Computer Science

Project Abstract: 

We are seeking an excellent undergraduate researcher to join the research lab of Professor C. Estelle Smith (https://estellesmithphd.com/) to work on a Reddit bot project aimed at enhancing community engagement and providing valuable insights through data analytics. Our team has built and deployed a bot in a research-related subreddit that empowers users to subscribe to sets of keywords related to trending research areas in Human-Computer Interaction, Social Computing, and Computational Social Science. After subscribing, users can be notified privately or publicly when conversations on the subreddit are related to their topics of interest. The bot is intended to help spur conversations, drive user engagement, and help users keep up with research areas they care about. The successful candidate for this SURF opportunity will contribute to the further development and scaling of the bot, as well as assist in formulating research questions and conducting data science and research tasks.

Qualifications:
Currently enrolled as an undergraduate student, preferably in computer science, data science, or a related field.
Strong programming skills, particularly in Python.
Familiarity with using APIs and databases, or willingness to learn.
Familiarity with AWS, or willingness to learn.
Interest in data analytics and research methodologies in human-computer interaction and social computing.
Excellent problem-solving skills and attention to detail.
Self-motivated and excellent project manager with the ability to work independently, as well as collaboratively in a team environment.
Prior experience with Reddit bot development or data science research is a plus, but not required.

Benefits:
-Gain hands-on experience in bot development, data analytics, and research methodologies.
-Opportunity to contribute to a real-world project with potential for impact.
-Mentorship from experienced researchers in the field.
-Opportunity to gain authorship for peer-reviewed publications at top tier conferences in Human-Computer Interaction and Social Computing, such as the CHI and CSCW conferences.

Join us in exploring the intersection of technology, data science, and community engagement on Reddit!

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Our undergraduate researcher will have the opportunity to:
-Develop and deploy pro-social and community-serving bot(s) in Reddit communities.
-Assess and upgrade the bot’s hosting infrastructure to ensure scalability and performance.
-Build a robust database to record all interactions with the bot per individual user and bot posts.
-Create an analytics dashboard accessible to moderators, providing insights into community engagement metrics, current database values, and subscribed users’ details.
-Implement a feedback command allowing users to report issues, suggest improvements, or rate the bot using a validated psychometric scale.
-Formulate and study research questions based on bot interactions and community engagement, and then develop code infrastructure to address research questions.
-Conduct human subjects research through completing CITI training, and then working to recruit additional subreddits for future additional deployments of the bot.
-Contribute to high impact scientific publications on the results of this work.

Our lab will regularly be meeting in-person on campus this summer. The student will have weekly 1:1 mentoring sessions from PhD student(s) in Prof. Estelle Smith’s lab, and monthly 1:1 meetings with Prof. Estelle. The student will also be invited to participate in weekly standup meetings, regular full-length lab meetings, and lab social activities during the summer. Upon successful submission of papers resulting from this research, students may possibly have the opportunity to attend conferences and present papers or posters, especially if they are able to make contributions meriting first authorship. Our goal is to provide an excellent opportunity to learn about research in Data Science and Human-Computer Interaction, with the potential to initiate a successful career in this direction.

Faculty Mentor: Estelle Smith | Computer Science

Project Abstract: 

The research lab of Professor C. Estelle Smith (https://estellesmithphd.com/) in the Department of Computer Science is seeking an excellent undergraduate researcher for a 2024 SURF to assist with a Data Science project focused on Reddit data. Mental and spiritual health care seeks to assist individuals in developing resilience, finding purpose and meaning, and navigating life’s challenges in a holistic and supportive manner. While this type of care is often provided in a clinical or hospital setting, patients and caregivers struggling with life-threatening mental and/or physical illness often seek support in online communities where they can anonymously share about their struggles and receive caring support from others. For example, on Reddit.com, many subreddit communities are committed to topics like depression, anxiety, suicide, PTSD, cancer, etc. This SURF project will involve extensive use of the Reddit API to collect and analyze public data available in existing online support communities. In particular, we are interested in studying which user roles appear in these communities (e.g., patients, caregivers, supporters, and clinicians such as mental health therapists, spiritual directors or chaplains, doctors, nurses, etc.), what types of behaviors they exhibit in online communities (e.g., expressions of support, prayers, medical recommendations or referrals, etc.), the degree to which these behaviors may be spiritual or religious in nature, and how effective they may be at helping people to cope and heal.

As a key member of an interdisciplinary research group, you will be embedded in the only Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research lab at Mines. Throughout your work, you will be mentored by a research team consisting of Prof. Estelle Smith, Postdoctoral Researcher Dr. Alemitu Bezabih, and PhD students Shadi Nourriz and Katy Limes, all from CS@Mines. Moreover, we have excellent connections with internal Reddit employees. Therefore, we may have the opportunity this summer to directly collaborate on a new data access tool for researchers that is not yet publicly available. This is an exciting opportunity to work on data science for good, contribute to a new research area in “computational spiritual support” (see http://bit.ly/sacredtech), and get involved with brand new research initiatives at Reddit.

Required Qualifications:
-Passion for helping people and improving mental and spiritual healthcare
-Strong interest in Data Science, Human-Computer Interaction, Social Computing
-Currently enrolled as an undergraduate student, preferably in Data Science; Computer Science; Applied Mathematics and Statistics; Engineering, Design and Society; or related area.
-Excellent project management skills, attention to detail, and interpersonal sensitivity.
-Self-motivated and able to work independently, as well as to work collaboratively in a team environment.
-Prior experience using APIs, big data, and/or databases
-Prior training in statistics and/or data science coursework

Preferred Qualifications
-Prior experience as a Reddit user
-Prior training in natural language processing and/or machine learning coursework
-Prior exposure to research ethics and CITI training

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Student roles:
-Conduct literature review to study and learn advanced data science techniques.
-Gain mastery of the public Reddit API.
-Participate in beta testing of a new data access tool exclusively for researchers (not publicly available).
-Collaborate and work closely with our project team to help formulate research questions and conduct data science projects related to spiritual care.
-Actively participate in team meetings and maintain professionalism and integrity.

Learning objectives:
-Data Collection and Analysis: Learn how to collect, process, and analyze behavioral trace data on Reddit using statistics and software tools to extract meaningful insights and trends.
-Project Collaboration: Work collaboratively with a multidisciplinary project team to develop strategies, conduct research, and deliver final project outcomes, gaining experience in teamwork and project management.
-Research Ethics: Gain an understanding of research ethics and best practices in data collection, analysis, and reporting, ensuring compliance with ethical guidelines and standards, including CITI training.
-Contribute to writing up research results in scientific publications.

Mentoring Activities:
Our lab will regularly be meeting in-person on campus this summer. The student will have weekly 1:1 mentoring sessions with the postdoctoral researcher or PhD students in Prof. Estelle Smith’s lab, and monthly 1:1 meetings with Prof. Estelle. The student will also be invited to participate in weekly standup meetings, regular full-length lab meetings, and lab social activities during the summer. Upon successful submission of papers resulting from this research, students may possibly have the opportunity to attend conferences and present papers or posters, especially if they are able to make contributions meriting first authorship. Our goal is to provide an excellent opportunity to learn about research in Spiritual Care and Human-Computer Interaction. We will provide career guidance, mentorship, support, and networking opportunities, with the potential to help initiate a successful career in this direction.

Faculty Mentor: Estelle Smith | Computer Science

Project Abstract: 

Mental and spiritual health care seeks to assist individuals in developing resilience, finding purpose and meaning, and navigating life’s challenges in a holistic and supportive manner. In light of the increasing mental and spiritual health crises in our modern world, new models of delivery for spiritual care are now necessary. For many years, the discipline of professional chaplaincy and spiritual care believed that care must be given in person. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has shifted the focus toward telehealth in medicine, prompting a re-evaluation of traditional in-person spiritual care.

The research lab of Prof. C. Estelle Smith (https://estellesmithphd.com) is seeking an excellent undergraduate researcher for a 2024 SURF project exploring how Online Spiritual Care Communities (OSCCs) can be designed to complement traditional healthcare methods. This project is funded by the John Templeton Foundation (https://www.templeton.org/grant/expanding-models-of-delivery-for-online-spiritual-care). Through amplifying the impact of spiritual care professionals and enhancing patient access to care, online platforms can provide groundbreaking new solutions for delivering spiritual care. To create secure and effective OSCCs, the project examines existing support communities on the social media platform Reddit.com, and provokes ideas about what types of moderation, rules, user training, and community features would be necessary. We are currently conducting qualitative interviews and user testing sessions on Reddit with professional chaplains and spiritual care providers.

In Summer 2024, we plan to follow up our current user study with national surveys of the broader spiritual care community, patients, and caregivers. Following the survey, we will conduct co-design workshops with local stakeholders to brainstorm design concepts for providing technology-mediated mental and spiritual care, with a focus on OSCCs. Hence, we are looking for an undergraduate researcher who wants to gain experience in both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies, as well as human-centered design practices. This opportunity involves working on the next phases of the project. If you are interested in conducting survey studies and running co-design workshops to ideate on real-world societal problems, then this role is perfect for you! As a key member of an interdisciplinary research group, you will be embedded in the only Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research lab at Mines. Throughout your work, you will be mentored by a research team consisting of Prof. Estelle Smith, Postdoctoral Researcher Dr. Alemitu Bezabih, and PhD students Shadi Nourriz and Katy Limes, all from CS@Mines.

Required Qualifications:
-Passion for helping people and improving mental and spiritual healthcare
-Strong interest in Technology Design, UI/UX, Human-Computer Interaction, Social Computing
-Currently enrolled as an undergraduate student, preferably in Engineering, Design and Society; Applied Mathematics and Statistics; Computer Science; Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences; or related area.
-Excellent project management skills, attention to detail, and interpersonal sensitivity.
-Self-motivated and able to work independently, as well as to work collaboratively in a team environment.

Preferred Qualifications (Not all are required, but the successful candidate should have at least 2 of the following qualifications)
-Prior experience as a Reddit user (or other social media such as Facebook, X/Twitter, Instagram, etc.)
-Prior training in statistics coursework
-Prior training in design-related coursework, such as Human-Centered Design
-Experience in co-design methodologies and workshop facilitation techniques
-Experience in survey design, data collection, and analysis
-Experience using survey tools (e.g., QuestionPro, Qualtrics, MicrosoftForms, or similar)
-Prior exposure to research ethics and CITI training

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Student Roles:
-Collaborate and work closely with the project team to help develop and conduct survey studies and co-design workshops.
-Develop innovative strategies for running surveys online and deploy them across various professional networks, including social media platforms.
-Analyze survey data using both quantitative and qualitative methods to extract meaningful insights and trends.
-Design and sketch early UI/UX concepts for Online Spiritual Care Communities
-Create co-design workshop materials to facilitate collaborative ideation sessions.
-Work collaboratively with team members to iterate on designs based on feedback and research findings.
-Actively participate in team meetings and maintain professionalism and integrity.
-Demonstrate a commitment to continuous learning and professional development to enhance skills and expertise in survey design, data analysis, and co-design facilitation.

Learning objectives:
-Survey Design and Implementation: Gain hands-on experience in designing and implementing survey studies, including developing survey questions, selecting appropriate survey tools, and deploying surveys online.
-Data Collection and Analysis: Learn how to collect, pre-process, and analyze survey data using statistics and software tools to extract meaningful insights and trends.
-Co-Design Methodologies: Understand and apply co-design methodologies in the context of workshop facilitation, including designing workshop materials and collaborating with team members to iterate on designs based on feedback.
-Project Collaboration: Work collaboratively with a multidisciplinary project team to develop strategies, conduct research, and deliver final project outcomes, gaining experience in teamwork and project management.
-Research Ethics: Gain an understanding of research ethics and best practices in data collection, analysis, and reporting, ensuring compliance with ethical guidelines and standards, including CITI training.

Mentoring Activities:
Our lab will regularly be meeting in-person on campus this summer. The student will have weekly 1:1 mentoring sessions with the postdoctoral researcher or PhD students in Prof. Estelle Smith’s lab, and monthly 1:1 meetings with Prof. Estelle. The student will also be invited to participate in weekly standup meetings, regular full-length lab meetings, and lab social activities during the summer. Upon successful submission of papers resulting from this research, students may possibly have the opportunity to attend conferences and present papers or posters, especially if they are able to make contributions meriting first authorship. Our goal is to provide an excellent opportunity to learn about research in Spiritual Care and Human-Computer Interaction. We will provide career guidance, mentorship, support, and networking opportunities, with the potential to help initiate a successful career in this direction.

Faculty Mentor: Micah Corah | Computer Science

Project Abstract: 

Aerial and mobile robots (e.g. drones) are often applied as camera platforms for sensing and perception tasks. Filming an athlete competing in an extreme sport is one example where a robot may navigate around obstacles (trees, buildings) while seeking to obtain aesthetically pleasing views of a subject. This project will focus on enabling a mobile robot (aerial or ground) to track and film a group of one or more subjects while navigating an environment with obstacles and occlusions.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student engaging in this project will be provided with an aerial or ground robot and appropriate camera and compute resources to complete this task.

Through the course of this project the student will:
* Familiarize theirself with open source modules for robot sensing and navigation such as based on the Robot Operating System ecosystem and demonstrate their operation on said mobile robot
* Learn about common models for camera intrinsics and extrinsics and apply that knowledge to camera calibration and reasoning about camera views in planning and control
* Study methods for navigation and control for mobile and aerial robots, especially methods for active perception, and apply this knowledge to their own implement for this cinematography task
* Familiarize theirself with aesthetic principles relevant to cinematography such as related to video sentiment analysis and apply those principles to methods for view planning and control
* Demonstrate function of the complete robot system in a laboratory environment via a cinematography task of the students’ design

Faculty Mentor: Micah Corah | Computer Science

Project Abstract: 

Aerial and mobile robots (e.g. drones) are often applied as camera platforms for sensing and perception tasks, and aerial robots are increasingly being used to film both individual and team sports. Commercially available systems are becoming increasingly autonomous but are still largely limited to a single robot following a single subject. For applications such as filming team sports, deploying a team of robots that can film a group of people from different views would often be advantageous. However, doing so requires development of systems that are able to reason about the utility of multiple views of one or more subjects while resolving conflicts such as due to potential collisions between robots. For this project, the student will develop and extend algorithms for single- and multi-robot view planning for this cinematography task and demonstrate their approach via a realistic simulation of the multi-robot team. Beyond the scope of the summer this and related algorithms may be deployed to physical aerial or ground robots in laboratory environments at Mines.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student engaging in this project will develop methods for multi-robot view planning and cinematography as described in the abstract

* Familiarize theirself with open source modules for planning and control of robot systems such as based on the Robot Operating System ecosystem and demonstrate their operation in a simulation environment such as NVIDIA Isaac Sim.
* Study methods for planning and control for multi-robot view planning and apply them to multi-robot cinematography, possibly by extending implementations maintained by the supervisor and their collaborators
* Demonstrate the function of the multi-robot cinematography system via the aforementioned simulation environment

Faculty Mentor: Tom Williams | Computer Science

Project Abstract: 

Robots in the future will need to be able to reject requests to perform inappropriate and unachievable actions.
However, it is unclear how these rejections should be designed in order to be simultaneously transparent and effective, without accidentally exerting negative influence on human moral norms.
As one example, mentioning infeasibility when responding to an immoral and infeasible request might inadvertently downplay the moral dimensions primarily responsible for the command rejection.
In this project, students will design and evaluate strategies that robots can use to reject such requests.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The selected student will perform literature review, behavior design, experimental design, data analysis, and paper writing, with the goal of submitting a paper to HRI 2025.

Faculty Mentor: Kaveh Fathian | Computer Science

Project Abstract: 

Many tasks in robotics require semantically labeled map data such as cars, buildings, etc. Hand labeling is slow, and automated, efficient solutions are needed. This project aims to create and expand upon existing DL/ML models for semantic image segmentation. The application focus is real-world datasets such as satellite imagery and high-altitude drone footage. The project aims to address existing issues such as segmentation of non-polygonal shapes (lakes, natural features), and expand to non-satellite imagery taken at an angle (e.g., drone footage, at an angle).

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

– Conduct literature review on existing solutions
– Explore and create datasets
– Create DL classification models

Goals:
– Document the progress well!
– Submit findings as an ICRA 2024 paper

Faculty Mentor: Kelsey Fulton | Computer Science

Project Abstract: 

StackOverflow is an incredibly common question-answer site used by software developers and programmers. When programmers have a question about the code they are writing, they can ask on StackOverflow to receive answers from the broader programming community. Additionally, when performing any internet search related to questions about code, StackOverflow is often the first result provided to programmers with existing suggestions from previous programmers who has similar questions. Prior work has shown the prolific propagation of insecure, vulnerability ridden StackOverflow snippets and suggestions to production code. Prior work has also aimed to understand whether developers evaluate these suggestions and why they chose to use them. However, little work has been done exploring the various features (upvotes, comments, author information, etc) that are associated with StackOverflow suggestions and how these may correlate with security and use. In this work, we aim to find the correlations between these features and the security of the suggestion and explore how they might impact the usage of these various suggestions. The results from this work would serve as a foundation for making evidence-based changes to improve the security of suggestions on StackOverflow and the overall security of many systems.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

In this work, the undergraduate student would be responsible for scraping StackOverflow to collect these suggestions and various features. Once they were scraped, the student would be responsible for cleaning the data and transforming it into a format that would be readable and reviewable for vulnerabilities. The student would then work with me to label any vulnerabilities present in these suggestions and perform various correlation tests to determine if/how the various features are correlated with (in)security. The learning objectives of this work are to learn the basic skills of web scraping and data transformation (from a JSON format to a more human-readable format), understanding the different types of common vulnerabilities and how to identify them in code, and learning and employing basic statistical correlation tests such as Spearman’s coefficient to understand correlation. I would be mentoring the student every step of the research project. We would first work together to figure out the best approach for retrieving this data from StackOverflow (which scraping technique is best). Once we have the data, we would work together to figure out what the best format is for labeling vulnerabilities and brainstorm how we might transform the data to this format. The student would use this discussion as a base for working on the data transformation themselves. For the vulnerability labeling process, I would guide the student’s understanding of the different types of vulnerabilities and we would work closely together to label them. Ideally, as we label more, the student will get a better understanding and become more independent. Lastly, I would work with the student to determine the correct statistical tests for the project and guide them as they run these tests in R or Python, helping them make the best choices with regards to varying different metrics.

Faculty Mentor: Atef Elsherbeni | Electrical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

The goal of this project is to get a student trained on how to use electromagnetic software to design antennas with specific radiation characteristics. Different types of antennas will be worked on with the final goal is to be able to design an antenna suitable for operation on a cubesat. The simulation software will be provided for student to use. Once a final design is achieved fabrication and testing will be conducted in the ARC lab.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Student will learn the following through the operation of the project:
– Antenna characteristics.
– Electromagnetic simulation Sofware.
– How to optimize antenna geometrical parameters to provide good impedance match and gain.
– how to fabricate and test antennas.

Faculty Mentor: Yamuna Phal | Electrical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

This project aims to explore and develop optical imaging techniques capable of distinguishing between chiral molecules, which are mirror images of each other but cannot be superimposed. Despite their similarities, these molecules can have vastly different chemical properties and biological activities. The student will engage in designing and implementing optical systems that exploit the unique interactions of light with chiral molecules to identify and characterize them. This research is fundamental in advancing our understanding of chirality and its applications in pharmaceuticals, materials science, and beyond. By working on this project, the student will not only contribute to cutting-edge science but also learn to bridge the gap between theoretical concepts and practical, real-world applications. This project is designed to be accessible to an educated reader without requiring specialized knowledge in optical physics or chemistry, highlighting the interdisciplinary nature of the research and its significance in broad scientific and technological contexts.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student’s role in this project will involve several key responsibilities, with each task designed to meet specific learning objectives:
Literature Review: The student will begin with a comprehensive review of existing optical imaging techniques used in chirality detection. This will build a foundation in understanding the current challenges and opportunities in the field.
Learning Objective: Develop research skills and an understanding of chirality and optical imaging principles.
Optical Design and Simulation: Using simulation software, the student will design optical systems tailored for chirality imaging. This will involve selecting components, configuring layouts, and simulating performance.
Learning Objective: Gain practical skills in optical design and computational modeling.
Experimental Setup and Data Collection: The student will then construct the optical setup based on their design, perform experiments with chiral molecules, and collect data.
Learning Objective: Learn hands-on experimental skills, data acquisition, and analysis techniques.
Data Analysis and Interpretation: Analyzing the collected data to distinguish between chiral molecules and understand the interaction mechanisms.
Learning Objective: Develop analytical skills to interpret experimental data and relate it to theoretical concepts.
Conference Presentation and Research Communication: The student will have the opportunity to present their findings at student conferences and possibly contribute to a research paper.
Learning Objective: Enhance skills in public speaking, scientific writing, and communicating complex ideas to diverse audiences.

Mentoring Activities:
As the mentor, I will guide the student through each phase of the project, ensuring they have the resources and knowledge needed to succeed. My mentoring activities will include:
Weekly meetings to discuss progress, challenges, and next steps.
Providing tutorials and resources on optical design, chirality, and research methods.
Facilitating opportunities for the student to present their work, including preparation for conferences.
Offering constructive feedback on their research approach, presentation skills, and written work.

This project is designed to be a comprehensive learning experience, equipping the student with a broad set of skills applicable in academic research and beyond. Through direct involvement in cutting-edge research, the student will gain insights into the process of scientific discovery, from conception to communication of results.

Faculty Mentor: Qiuhua Huang | Electrical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Supporting the rapid growth of distributed energy resources, building electrification and EVs requires intelligent management of these resources. The energy management system is a key tool for fulfilling this goal. The student will help set up an energy management system for distributed energy resources and buildings based on an open-sourced platform OpenEMS (https://github.com/OpenEMS/openems). With the system, we can monitor, control and integrate energy storage together with renewable energy sources and complementary devices and services like electric vehicle charging stations, heat-pumps.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Through this project, the student can get hands-on experience and knowledge of the architecture, function and deployment of industry-grade energy management systems. The student can also get access to the field data of a community. Programming experience with Java or Python is required. EE background with an strong interest in power systems is preferred The student will be co-supervised by a PhD student and meet with the supervisor bi-weekly.

Faculty Mentor: Michael Wakin | Electrical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

STEM Kits are themed outreach kits that are developed by Mines faculty and students in coordination with the Greater Colorado Council of the Boy Scouts of America. With financial support from the National Science Foundation, these kits are distributed for free to local schools and youth organizations with the goal of broadening participation in STEM. Each kit contains several activities, and detailed instructions for leaders and students are provided online.

The current generation of STEM Kits focuses on two themes: Sensing Circuits and Machines Lend a Hand. In Summer 2024, we are seeking a student to assist with completing a third theme: Earth and Environment. Activities in this kit will include using environmental sensors such as those for detecting volatile organic compounds and soil moisture sensors that interface with a printed circuit board. The student will have an opportunity to propose and refine activities, create detailed instructions, and produce supporting videos.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will have an opportunity to propose and refine activities, create detailed instructions, and produce supporting videos. A student with prior experience in printed circuit board (PCB) design is preferred. The student will gain experience in development of educational activities and written resources that are easy to understand, and will refine oral communication skills through developing supporting videos. The student will work closely with Prof. Wakin, meeting several times per week.

Faculty Mentor: Jessica Smith | Engineering, Design and Society

Project Abstract: 

The Mines Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) Innovation Center (MCIC) is hiring a summer undergraduate researcher in the Department of Engineering, Design, and Society to support our new $32.6 million CarbonSAFE project! This project, funded by the Department of Energy, is investigating the feasibility of carbon capture and storage in southern Colorado. A major aspect of the project is using social science approaches to investigate the environmental justice dimensions of carbon capture and storage technologies in local, place-based, and community-oriented ways. In addition, we are investigating the various visions of low-carbon energy futures across Southern Colorado. We are looking for an undergraduate research assistant to support team members this summer conducting original social scientific research in the Pueblo region. This position will include in-person trips to Pueblo and southern Colorado; communication with researchers in the EDS department; in-depth coding and transcription of interview data; and hands-on experience with interview and ethnographic methods.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

This project uses a co-mentoring approach, in which team members can support each other at all levels – faculty, postdoc, and graduate students, depending on the skill, background, and expertise of each. The undergraduate student researcher will join this mentorship structure and take part in a vibrant, multidisciplinary environment. There is also significant space to support any individual research interests the student brings to this work.

Student learning objectives include:
· Best practices in developing research relationships grounded in frameworks of procedural, racial, and environmental justice.
· Social science methodologies including: transcription, coding, and thematic analysis techniques; ethnographic engagement; interview techniques
· Hands-on learning analyzing the place-based complexities of low-carbon energy futures

Student’s responsibilities will include:
· Leadership role in interview transcription, coding, and thematic analysis
· Synthesizing primary and secondary research into written memos for use by project team
· Accompaniment on at least one research trip to the Pueblo area
· Facilitating at least one team meeting to discuss a reading or research product

Faculty Mentor: Dean Nieusma | Engineering, Design and Society

Project Abstract: 

This research project seeks to investigate the intricate relationship between gender identity and engineering self-conceptualization among undergraduate engineering students. The primary objective is to gain a nuanced understanding of how engineering students perceive and actualize their gender identity within the context of their chosen field. Through in-depth interviews, this study will explore the intersectionality of gender and engineering identities, aiming to unravel the unique aspects and connections that define the experience of being an engineer through the lens of gender. The research methodology involves conducting semi-structured interviews, allowing for comprehensive exploration of each student’s lived experiences. These interviews will assist to identify patterns, themes, and connections that shed light on the complex interplay between gender identity and the conceptualization of an engineering identity. By delving into these inquiries, the research intends to contribute valuable insights into the broader conversation on diversity and inclusion within STEM fields. This project holds significant implications for academia, policy, and industry by providing a foundation for understanding the multifaceted experiences of engineering students, particularly those related to gender identity. As we strive for more inclusive and equitable environments within STEM disciplines, this research seeks to inform strategies that foster a supportive and diverse community for future engineers.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student on this project will participate as a member of a small, mixed research group. Their responsibilities include a leadership role in data analysis, sharing progress with mentors, and developing experience with mixed research methodologies. Primary mentorship occurs via a weekly meeting with the faculty member on this project, and additional mentorship occurs via the graduate student researcher. Student learning objectives include but are not limited to: project management skills from planning research activities and coordinating with research advisors and collaborators, academic writing proficiency, and greater ability to go from data to findings to implications.

Faculty Mentor: Ryan Venturelli | Geology and Geological Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Faculty Mentor: Ryan Venturelli, Marion McKenzie | Geology and Geological Engineering

Project Abstract: 

This work seeks to explore the western margins of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet (CIS) near the Queen Charlotte Sound using the geologic record. We will analyze marine sediment cores and onshore glacial geomorphology to constrain behavior of marine-terminating portions of the western CIS through the last 50,000 years. This work will enable us to elucidate ice-land-ocean interactions and the timing of ice loss during the deglaciation and demise of CIS, which are more broadly relevant for understanding the role global climate forcing plays on ice sheet behavior in the Earth system.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

We seek to involve an undergraduate student in the analysis of sediment cores using a suite of tools including, but not limited to, microscope analyses, image analysis (CT scans, primarily), and data reduction/analysis. In addition, we will work with the student to utilize ArcGIS Pro to analyze geomorphic data from past glacial environments. We seek to engage a student in this project in a way that will enable them to critically evaluate geologic data used to reconstruct glacial change from past and existing ice sheets. The results of this work will be included in a publication on which we will include our SURF student as an author.

Faculty Mentor: Piret Plink-Bjorklund | Geology and Geological Engineering

Project Abstract: 

This project is a study of the sedimentological changes in river deposits in the Uinta Basin, Utah, during multiple global warming events in the early Paleogene. We observe an increase in river flood flashiness and a change in flow state to Froude supercritical flow in response to global warming. In order to better understand these processes, the second part of the project is to use satellite imagery in collaboration with the Flood Observatory at CU Boulder to document supercritical flow occurrences during modern river floods.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will work closely with a PhD student in the field and with satellite images. We will together develop a research plan and decide on expected outcomes. We will encourage the student to present at the department’s yearly science fair, at the Mines undergraduate conference, and to co-author a publication if appropriate.

The student will learn how to set up and conduct research projects, including scientific questions and testable hypothesis, how to plan and conduct work that ensures results, and how to disseminate the results by conference presentations or publications. The student will learn about past climate changes and how the past proxy data can inform our future. The student will learn field data collection and satellite image analyses.

Field work component will be important so the student needs to be interested in hiking, scrambling and spending time outdoors. We plan 5-6 weeks of field work in 3 separate sessions over the summer.

Faculty Mentor: Manika Prasad | Geophysics

Project Abstract: 

The Mines Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) Innovation Center (MCIC) is hiring a summer undergraduate researcher in the Department of Geophysics to support our new CarbonSAFE project! This project, funded by the Department of Energy, is investigating the feasibility of carbon capture and storage in southern Colorado. A major aspect of the project is using geoscience to investigate the CO2 storage capacity and safety of carbon capture and storage technologies in rocks with salty water unsuitable for drinking. We are looking for an undergraduate research assistant to support team members this summer conducting original geophysical research on rocks from the Pueblo region. This position will include hands-on experience with designing experiments, collecting and quality checking experimental data, and performing data analysis; communicating results with researchers in the geophysics department; in-depth coding and assessment of collected data with literature data; and hands-on experience in data comparisons and building models.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

This project uses a co-mentoring approach, in which team members can support each other at all levels – faculty, postdoc, and graduate students, depending on the skill, background, and expertise of each. The undergraduate student researcher will join this mentorship structure and will benefit from an opportunity to interact with a large multi-disciplinary team. There is also significant space to support any individual research interests the student brings to this work.
Student learning objectives include:
1. Best practices in developing research protocols grounded in frameworks of geophysical and geological principles.
2. Hands-on learning in a group to analyze the complexities of storing CO2 in the subsurface
3. Rock physics methodologies including:
o Experimental safety and procedures
o Data comparison, calibration, error analysis and data quality check
o Model development, coding, and data analysis techniques
o Data and result presentation techniques
Working with an experienced guide, student’s responsibilities will include:
1. Create a procedure document for experiment or data analysis.
2. Work with lab engineer to develop or modify experiment
3. Collect data, create models, or compare results with literature data
4. Create a report or present results or participate in at least one team meeting to discuss research product.

Faculty Mentor: Joanna Millstein | Geophysics

Project Abstract: 

The structural integrity of glacier ice is a critical factor in understanding global climate change and determining future sea-level rise. This project leverages synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery from Sentinel-1 satellite observations to estimate the tensile strength of glacier ice across the blue ice areas of Antarctica, developing a novel dataset from a simple mechanical model. The tensile strength of ice is a key parameter in glacier dynamics, influencing glacier fracture and crevasse formation. However, direct measurement of this parameter is challenging and limited in the remote and harsh Antarctic continent. This project will integrate remote sensing techniques with geospatial analysis to analyze surface deformation in blue ice areas, or snow-free glacier surfaces of Antarctica. In doing so, we will assemble a continental-scale estimate of the tensile strength of glacier ice. This project not only advances the understanding of glacier ice mechanics but also demonstrates the utility of satellite remote sensing as a tool for environmental monitoring in climate studies.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Computer programming experience, preferably in Python, is required for this project. The student will develop data science skills within a cloud-hosted programming environment and learn about satellite “big data” processing using NASA assets. The student will develop pipelines for processing satellite data while gaining proficiency in image processing and mechanics. This project seeks to understand the physical strength of glacier ice by combining satellite data with simple mechanical models to better understand Antarctic change.

Faculty Mentor: Brandon Dugan | Geophysics

Project Abstract: 

Very large earthquakes in subduction zones can result in significant damage much of which is due to the tsunamis they can produce (e.g., 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake, 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake). In some instances, researchers hypothesize that sediment remobilization (e.g., landslides, debris flows) increased the size and impact of the tsunami. To date, however, we have limited information on the mechanisms by which clay-rich marine sediments are remobilized, what controls the volume of sediment that is remobilized, and what influences the speed of remobilization. In this SURF project, we will review the basic information behind sediment remobilization during large earthquakes, develop/refine hypotheses on remobilization, and implement small-scale physical experiments to test our hypotheses and to improve our baseline understanding on how sediments could be remobilized.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

At the completion of this SURF project, the undergraduate student will be able to:

1) Apply basic geophysics and geological knowledge to develop testable hypotheses related to sediment remobilization due to large earthquakes
2) Design appropriate experiments and/or models to test hypotheses related to sediment remobilization due to large earthquakes
3) Analyze experimental and/or model data in relation to proposed hypotheses and generate revised hypotheses as appropriate
4) Compare and summarize results for STEM-educated researchers and students
5) Explain results through written reports and oral presentations

All learning during the SURF will be supported with regular mentor-mentee meetings, appropriate training, cooperative goal setting, and open discussion.

Faculty Mentor: Benjamin Hills | Geophysics

Project Abstract: 

The Wilkes Subglacial Basin (WSB) in East Antarctica is potentially susceptible to large changes that would increase sea level substantially, but it is relatively understudied compared to similar basins in West Antarctica. Here, we propose an investigation of ice dynamics, ice properties, and initiation of fast ice flow in the transition zone of WSB at the upper reaches of streaming flow. We will use a radar dataset which was previously collected by the British Antarctic Survey, interpreted for ice thickness and layer continuity, and has recently been made publicly available. That radar instrument has multiple transmit and receiver elements with different polarizations. We will compare radar echoes from the ice-bed interface between polarizations to interpret ice-sheet and bed properties in an area where ice flow is first channelizing into ice streams.

This study will improve understanding of ice-flow dynamics which are important for constraining future projections of sea-level rise.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will learn to work with radar data to investigate the physical processes of Earth’s polar ice sheets. They will focus on building data science skills within a cloud-hosted Python programming environment. They will develop software tools for radar data processing/interpretation that other researchers can continue to use in the future.

The scientific objectives are to leverage publicly available airborne radar data for new use cases, namely for polarimetric interpretation across the multiple receiver elements. These polarimetric data are expected to vary based on physical properties of the ice itself and at the ice-bed interface.

Faculty Mentor: Bia Villas Boas | Geophysics

Project Abstract: 

Ocean surface waves are a ubiquitous feature of the surface ocean. These waves not only mediate exchanges of climate variables between the ocean and the atmosphere but they also determine the geometry of the sea surface, which is essential for satellite remote sensing applications. The characteristics of these waves vary significantly in space and time and are highly impacted by interactions between waves and ocean currents. Despite progress in our theoretical understanding of how wave properties vary in the ocean, we still lack observational evidence to support the theory.

This project focuses on analyzing wave height data across the global ocean obtained from various satellite altimeters over the past couple of decades. Our primary objective is to investigate whether the effects of ocean currents on wave heights suggested by theory and numerical models, can be observed with real-world satellite-derived data. The student will explore the effects of ocean surface currents on waves, considering different wave and current regimes. This project will enhance our understanding of the sea state effects on the performance of recent and upcoming NASA satellite missions.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

We’re seeking a student who is eager to apply scientific computing and basic STEM concepts to a problem that will contribute to understanding our changing climate. As part of this project, you will work closely with researchers from the Mines Oceanography research group, and receive training in data analysis methods, programming, and scientific communication. By the end of the project, the student will have:

– Developed knowledge of physical oceanography and the physics of ocean waves.
– Developed data analysis skills and knowledge of ocean applications of satellite remote sensing
– Gained experience in best practices of scientific computing and software development, including version control, unit testing, and documentation.
– Practiced collaborative software development, open science, and project management through GitHub

The student will be co-mentored by Dr. Villas Bôas and Dr. Marechal through weekly meetings, where guidance and feedback on the project’s progress will be provided. Depending on the student’s progress and interest, there is the potential for submitting the results of this project for publication in a scientific journal as well as presenting at oceanography conferences.

Required experience: To succeed in this project on this short-time scale, the student should have experience with Python programming, differential equations, and basic statistics. Previous knowledge of physical oceanography and climate sciences is not required.

Faculty Mentor: Richard Krahenbuhl | Geophysics

Project Abstract: 

The Mines Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) Innovation Center (MCIC) is hiring a summer undergraduate researcher in the Geophysics Department to support our new CarbonSAFE project. This project, funded by the Department of Energy, is investigating the feasibility of carbon capture and storage in southern Colorado. A major aspect of the project is performing a sequence of drone-based aeromagnetic surveys of the area to determine if there are orphaned wells that could provide conduits for CO2 migration from the storage reservoir at depth to the surface. The position will include in-person training with the UAVs, magnetic sensors, and data processing tools, as well as assisting team members with the development of project field guides, survey plans, and safety guides. If the DOE project receives approval to begin field activities within the timescale of the SURF, the selected students may then travel to southern Colorado (near Pueblo) for flights and data collection in the field.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

This project uses a teamwork approach, in which the group can support each other at all levels from instrument training, data processing, and project planning. There is also space to support any individual research interests the student brings to this work.
Student’s responsibilities will include:
• Co-developing real-world project management plans including flight plans, fieldwork timelines, and safety protocols.
• Acquiring the appropriate certification to fly a university drone with sensors for research and education.
• Committing to the training necessary to safely fly a UAV with geophysical sensors.

Student learning objectives include:
• Develop project planning skills for real-world research and field activities that involve multiple stakeholders
• Training to safely operate a large survey drone with instrumentation including:
o Magnetics
o Lidar
o GNSS/GPS
• Learning to download, process, visualize and make informed decision from the resulting survey data

Faculty Mentor: Adrianne Kroepsch | Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences

Project Abstract: 

Are you interested in learning about the future of rivers and water management in Golden and the western United States? In this summer research adventure you will learn about two very different (and very important) types of Western water use: hydropower production and river recreation. (Note: These two topics have been selected to maximize your exposure to interesting things and mix up your summer job. You’ll do the same total volume of work as any SURF.)

Your hydropower research will contribute to a National Science Foundation-funded research project about hydropower production under future climates. You will assist with background research about a subset of pre-identified reservoirs in the West that look like they might dry up under future climates and stop producing hydropower. You will conduct research online to help us understand the different water demands on each of these reservoirs today, how they are currently being managed, and by whom. The information you gather will inform in-depth interviews conducted with reservoir managers later in the project.

Meantime, your river recreation research will be grounded in Golden. You will assist the City of Golden by helping to analyze recent data they have collected on the growing number of recreational users on Clear Creek (especially tubers!). Your insights will contribute to local planning around Clear Creek management. You won’t be alone in this research. You’ll be joining a small team guided by Dr. Adrianne Kroepsch, a water policy professor (www.adrianne-kroepsch.com), and Ellie Anderson, a postdoctoral scholar, with additional assistance from active research collaborators at Mines and the city of Golden.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Student role:
• Conduct online research to gather background information about a pre-identified subset of hydropower-producing reservoirs in Western states that could hit “dead pool” in the future (n=15-25). Research will include finding and synthesizing information from media articles, reports, academic articles, and other conversation about these reservoirs (e.g., on social media). Some comparative analysis between reservoirs may also be fun.
• Analyze City of Golden data about tubing on Clear Creek to develop policy-relevant takeaways for local planners. Potential data sets include: tube tracking data (via RFID chips), video camera data from bridges on Clear Creek, life jacket usage, and water quality/ecological indicators.

Student learning objectives:
• Experience with mixed research methods. The student will gain proficiency in both qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques.
• Improved skills in project management from contributing to the planning of research activities and coordinating with research advisors and collaborators.
• An interdisciplinary understanding of hydropower and river recreation in the geographic contexts of the American West and Golden.

Mentoring activities:
• The student will meet at least once a week with the rest of the team, and communicate frequently via email, phone, etc.
• Remote or hybrid work is certainly a possibility, though this research will be the most fun if you’re in or near Golden for some of the summer so that we can have in-person check-ins. (Also the computer lab in Stratton Hall is basically empty in the summer and the air conditioning is awesome.)
• If significant progress is made and all parties are interested, some aspects of this work could continue into the school year and/or future summers.

Faculty Mentor: Xiaoli Zhang | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

The objective of this project is to develop a compact haptic force feedback device that can display force feedback in 3-D space. Compared with commercial haptic force feedback device, it will have the capability of 1) displaying force feedback in not only X, Y but also Z direction and 2) continuous force feedback instead of vibration-style. Such system has a high potential to be used in human-computer interaction for Virtual Reality scenarios and teleoperation scenarios.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

1. CAD design and 3D printing technologies
2. Motor control and sensing technologies
3. Programming

Faculty Mentor: Andrew Petruska | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

The Colorado School of Mines is in its second year on a project to develop and demonstrate a platform that can prepare a landing site on the moon. The terrestrial test, which will be conducted here at Mines, consists of the robotic system to map, plan, and execute on the general task to identify and remove rocks and craters in a 10m diameter test bed autonomously. The system needs to be fully (push-button) autonomous in its operation and will need to continuously operate for 14 days 24 hours a day. This summer, the project will begin assembly of the test bed, initial testing of the robotic system, and will have numerous opportunities to design/build/hack solutions to make this system a reality.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will incorporate into the general team and contribute, depending on their skill set and interest, into the development, fabrication, coding and or testing of the robotic platform. This is a truly multidisciplinary project involving students in civil, electrical, mechanical, engineering and computer science ranging from undergraduate to postdoctoral. The student will learn how to interact and contribute to a multidisciplinary team, work independently, and strive to make a major contribution to this exciting project. They will be mentored in their discipline by appropriate faculty and graduate students, but will also be challenged to become an expert in their own project aspect.

Faculty Mentor: Anthony Petrella | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Ankle sprains are one of the most common distal extremity injuries occurring among both civilian and military populations in the United States. The incidence of ankle sprains is approximately 23,000 – 25,000 per day in the civilian population alone, with an estimated direct medical cost in the range of $2-6 Billion. Approximately 80% of all sprain cases are inversion sprains. Ankle sprains among military Service members occur at a rate more than five times greater than that seen in civilian populations, with significant negative impacts on operational readiness of the fighting force. Ankle injuries comprise the greatest proportion of musculoskeletal injuries among active-duty Service members and create a considerable burden on the military healthcare system. Indirect costs associated with lost workdays, decreased quality of life, and long-term health conditions (e.g., chronic ankle instability, osteoarthritis) are difficult to quantify but acknowledged to be substantial. Currently available braces capable of protecting against lateral ankle sprain include sleeve, lace-up, and stirrup braces. All these contemporary technologies provide varying levels of ankle protection, which are offset by undesirable effects that reduce user compliance. Such undesirable effects may include (a) impairment of non-injurious joint biomechanics, (b) user discomfort, (c) excessive time and effort to put the device on and off, and (d) negative user perceptions (e.g., performance limitations, perceived risk of injury to other joints). Although ankle bracing has been shown to reduce sprain injuries in both civilian and military populations, user compliance is clearly essential – i.e., a brace can only be effective if it is worn. The goals of this study, therefore, are to develop and apply a new paradigm for brace design that empowers the creation of a next-generation solution to protect against lateral ankle sprain – a solution that overcomes the undesirable effects listed above and promotes effective ankle protection through high user satisfaction and compliance. This technology will seek to leverage the latest advances in materials, manufacturing, and mechatronics (i.e., sensing, actuation, power) to deliver a soft ankle exoskeleton capable of adapting to both the user and the environment.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

A summer researcher is sought to work together with faculty advisors and PhD students focusing on finite element analysis (FEA) of the human ankle to predict the effectiveness of ankle brace prototypes. The research group has already developed a preliminary FEA model of the ankle – the successful summer candidate will master this preliminary model and expand it to automatically incorporate new anatomical geometry from 3D scans, to smoothly morph the surface of the ankle geometry to represent different motions of the foot, and to evaluate the mechanical support provided by prototype brace designs. Additional opportunities will be available to contribute to soft exoskeleton design and fabrication, and to design and implement machine learning algorithms for guiding exoskeleton function.

Faculty Mentor: George Kontoudis | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

The human hand is Nature’s most dexterous end effector known. Recently roboticists have drawn inspiration from the human hand to replicate its robust grasping capabilities and dexterous in-hand manipulation skills with soft joints and underactuated mechanisms. These hands exhibit an adaptive behavior that allows for robust grasping of completely unknown objects with no sensory feedback and enables mechanical intelligence. In this project, the students will exploit open-source robot hand designs (https://openbionics.org/) and use novel rapid prototyping techniques (e.g., hybrid deposition manufacturing) to develop the robot hand. After the development of a right and left hand, the students will design and develop sockets that will act as a human-robot interface to control the robot hands and perform grasping and manipulation experiments. The experimental platform will consist of a testbed that will be used to evaluate the effectiveness of robot grippers in manufacturing applications.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will be responsible for the development of robot hands, and the design and development of sockets that will facilitate grasping and manipulation experiments. The student will gain valuable experience in the design and fabrication of soft structures with elastomer materials. In addition, the student will be exposed to state-of-the-art robot hands that can be used as prosthetic devices in the medical industry or robotic grippers in manufacturing. Moreover, the student will be involved in the scientific writing of a report to the standards of a technical paper. The faculty will hold regular meetings to guide the student and evaluate the progress of the project.

Faculty Mentor: Rajavasanth Rajasegar | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

The development of alternatives to petroleum-derived jet fuels is essential for assisting in climate change mitigation and providing economic security and energy independence within industries that utilize jet fuels. It is important that jet fuels derived from alternative sources can be used in existing engines with little to no modifications to the engine design or operation. Towards this end, researchers must understand how various fundamental fuel properties affect the atomization, vaporization, and combustion process of jet fuels and ascertain which properties determine if an alternative fuel will behave similarly to conventional jet fuel.

The intent of this project is to design an optically accessible gas turbine sector rig capable of operating a wide range of fuels (liquid fuels – Sustainable Alternative Fuels, gaseous fuels – hydrogen and ammonia) that relies on swirl flow for flame stabilization. The geometry will be created using input from gas turbine manufactures to help make the operating behavior like that of an operational gas turbine combustor. The sides of the combustion chamber will be designed to allow up to four-sided optical access to the inside of the combustor. This will allow for the use of a wide variety of laser and optical diagnostic techniques to study key aspects of combustor behavior.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

1. CAD design (Solidworks) and interfacing with machine shops
2. Subsystem (Air / fuel / ignition / safet0079) design and optimization
3. Instrumentation of the rig (temperature, pressure, flow rate, etc.)
4. Control system programming (Labview) with safety interlocks

Faculty Mentor: Robert Braun | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

The overarching objective of this proposal is to use results from both experimental investigations and high-fidelity, physics-based modeling to assist with the development and deployment of larger-scale, high-temperature solid oxide electrochemical technologies. The primary focus is on the electrochemical production of hydrogen and synthesis gas from renewably supplied electrical energy, H2O vapor, and CO2 from seawater capture processes.

The work will involve test rig modifications (valves, piping, wiring, controllers), SolidWorks drawings, LabView modifications, and assistance with experimental testing.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Learn how to develop controller and LabView skills of experimental apparatus.
Assist with and learn how to build and modify test rigs.
Learn the fundamentals of electrolytic hydrogen production through observation and exposure to electrochemical cell testing, and research group presentations.
Participate in pressurized, large-scale reversible fuel cell stack testing.

Faculty Mentor: Neal Sullivan | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Researchers at the Colorado Fuel Cell Center are working with local company Utility Global to advance electrochemical devices to decarbonize industrial-scale manufacturing. In 2020, the industrial sector accounted for 33% of the nation’s primary energy use and 30% of energy-related carbon dioxide emissions. However, the industrial sector is considered one of the most difficult to decarbonize due to the diversity and complexity of energy inputs, processes, and operations. The emerging technology under development at Utility Global seeks to reduce the carbon footprint of the steel and chemicals industries.

In this project, the Fellow will work with Ph.D. students and academic faculty at the Colorado Fuel Cell Center to characterize the performance of Utility Global’s unique “eXERO” devices. This will include packaging of devices within unique test beds, and analyzing performance over a wide range of operating conditions and industrial gas streams. The Fellow will also examine eXERO device performance in more-fundamental ways to identify the processes that can limit device performance. Once identified, the Fellow will work with the research team to reduce or remove these bottlenecks to further decrease CO2 footprint.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

he Fellow will first develop an understanding on the operation of high-temperature electro-ceramic devices. The Fellow will then work within the existing research team to advance our performance-characterization efforts and increase throughput. The Fellow then develop new characterization experiments that target the more-fundamental aspects of device operation. The Fellow will directly engage with the existing Mines research team, and our industrial partner, to present results, and craft the technical paths forward.

Faculty Mentor: Aashutosh Mistry | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

My research group (https://mechanical.mines.edu/project/mistry-aashutosh/ and https://mistry-group.notion.site/) is focused on engineering electrolytes for the next-generation batteries. The properties of these electrolytes are related to their building blocks, i.e., atoms and molecules. If we sufficiently understood this connection, we could build electrolytes by choosing atoms just like building LEGO models by picking suitable blocks. You will explore this connection through molecular dynamics simulations.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

— Use molecular dynamics simulations to explore the relationship between electrolyte properties and their basic building blocks.
— Communicate findings with different audiences in relevant formats.

Faculty Mentor: George Kontoudis | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Environmental monitoring is a challenging problem for numerous applications that evolve in a spatio-temporal fashion. Typically, environmental monitoring requires numerous computational resources and multiple sensors to accurately track and predict changes of the phenomenon of interest. Recently, probabilistic machine learning methods introduced scalable algorithms to enable efficient collaboration of a swarm of drones while simultaneously providing uncertainty quantification. A swarm of drones consists of multiple robots that perform collective decision making to achieve complex tasks. Although local robots have limited computational and sensing capabilities, when working in a network the workload is distributed and the exploration becomes effective. In this project, we will use a swarm of drones (Crazyflies) in an indoor environment with a motion capture system to monitor an unknown phenomenon. The robots will seek to actively map the unknown environment with a centralized communication network, where every robot communicates to a central server. We will employ active learning of Gaussian process surrogate models to perform adaptive sampling in an unknown latent environment.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will be responsible for implementing a provided algorithm that will allow the swarm of drones to actively explore and monitor an unknown phenomenon. The student will gain experience in probabilistic machine learning methods, distributed networks, and programming a real robot system. In addition, the student will become familiar with state-of-the-art research in machine learning and indoor hardware equipment that includes a motion capture system. Moreover, the student will be involved in the scientific writing of a report to the standards of a technical paper. The faculty will hold regular meetings to guide the student and evaluate the progress of the project.

Faculty Mentor: Neal Sullivan | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Fuel cells directly convert chemical energy into electricity, much like the batteries that power our laptops and computers. Fuel cells are commonly linked to hydrogen fuel; however, the solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) under development in the Colorado Fuel Cell Center operate on a diverse range of fuels, including natural gas. This fuel flexibility makes SOFCs attractive across many applications. Researchers at the Colorado Fuel Cell Center are now working with leading commercial developers to advance the technological readiness level of solid-oxide fuel cell systems. In this project, the SURF Fellow will work within a team of researchers on active research projects to advance solid-oxide fuel cell technology.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The SURF Fellow will learn the fundamental operation of solid-oxide fuel cells and the balance-of-plant components required to maintain their operation. The student will work with research staff and graduate students to meet program goals on active research programs funded by the U.S. Department of Energy and private investors. These efforts may include system-scale integration of kW-scale fuel cells within test beds, and fuel-cell performance characterization across a wide range of operating conditions. As part of the team, the SURF Fellow will work directly with research staff, and participate in weekly meetings with the research team and industrial partners.

Faculty Mentor: Neal Sullivan | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

The Colorado School of Mines is developing unique infrastructure for characterizing performance of near-commercial fuel cells and electrolyzers. These test beds are being harnessed to meet the needs of international developers in validating the performance of their rapidly advancing technologies, and broadening the range of applications into new fields. This new infrastructure is designed to characterize performance of fuel-cell and electrolyzer “stacks”, where hundreds of identical devices have been carefully packaged and integrated to boost power, much like stacking batteries in a flashlight, to reach perhaps 5- to 50-kW of capacity.

In this SURF project, the Fellow will work with researchers in the Colorado Fuel Cell Center to design these test beds using commercial SolidWorks software. In completing these designs, the student will learn of the components that comprise a complete fuel-cell / electrolyzer system. These components include reactant-preparation hardware (mass flow controllers, humidifiers, boilers, and preheaters) , exhaust-handling hardware (heat exchangers, back-pressure regulators, and dehumidfiers), and electric-power management (load banks and power supplies).

At the conclusion of the project, the Fellow will release these designs for use by Colorado Fuel Cell Center staff in advancing their own test beds, and designing the yet-larger test beds of tomorrow.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The Fellow will develop command of the SolidWorks software, use this skill to re-design existing test beds, and develop designs of future test beds. The Fellow will learn the fundamental operation of fuel cells and electrolyzers, the types of electrochemical devices under development, the packaging and testing of these devices as multi-cell stacks, and the methods of device performance characterization. The Fellow will work within a team of undergraduate, graduate, and Ph.D. students, and with research engineers and research-active faculty. The student will meet weekly with the research team to discuss progress and future tasking.

Faculty Mentor: Neal Sullivan | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

The Colorado Fuel Cell Center (cfcc.mines.edu) executes leading research in development of new materials for energy sustainability. In this project, the student will work within a research team to advance ceramic materials for hydrogen production. The target application is for long-term storage of renewable electricity (wind & solar) in the form of chemical energy (hydrogen).

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will learn all manner of ceramics fabrication and performance testing. The student will also learn materials-characterization techniques, such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The student will work within a team of undergraduate students, graduate students, research professors, and academic faculty.

Faculty Mentor: Federico Municchi | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Dr. Federico Municchi (Mechanical Engineering) is seeking an undergraduate researcher to help run computer simulations of fluid flow and heat transfer in concentrated solar power applications. Concentrated solar power plants use mirrors to focus light towards the top of a tower, where the light heats a fluid that is later used to run a turbine and produce electricity. In this project, funded by the Department of Energy, we are investigating novel fluids containing solid particles to better absorb and transport the solar energy. This portion of the project focuses of computer simulations; however, the student will have the opportunity to interact with researchers performing experiments, and gain a broader understanding of multidisciplinary research and development.

No prior experience is required; however, the student should be interested in learning computer programming using either Matlab, python, or C++. Additional interests in fluid mechanics and mathematics are also helpful. The student will gain valuable skills in thermal-fluid mechanics, computer programming using open-source tools such a OpenFOAM and Paraview, Linux, data processing, and visualization. These skills are used extensively in both academia and industry. Though primarily a computational project, there is potential for the student to help with laboratory experiments.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will learn how to design numerical simulations of complex fluid flows using a powerful open-source software called OpenFOAM. They will also learn how to process and visualize the data using another open-source software called Paraview. Both software are used extensively in academia and industry. There will be ample opportunities to gain proficiency in computer coding with Matlab, python, and/or C++ in the Linux Environment. The student will learn how to distill and present their results in weekly meetings with the research group.

Faculty Mentor: Nils Tilton | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Dr. Nils Tilton (Mechanical Engineering) seeks an undergraduate research assistant to help perform laboratory experiments in the summer of 2024. The project is funded by the National Science Foundation, and focuses on a new method of desalinating seawater and/or treating complex waste-waters generated by industry, agriculture, and municipalities. The process uses a heated plate to generate buoyancy and mixing within the wastewater as it flows overs a permeable material that removes contaminants. The student would be responsible for designing and machining heated plates with different surface textures, and then testing these plates in a system treating salt water. The student would collaborate with Dr Nils Tilton as well as Dr. Tzahi Cath (in Civil and Environmental Engineering). There is also the potential for the student to gain experience helping grad students exploring a wide variety of related water treatment processes. The student will gain valuable experience in modeling with solid works, machining and/or 3D printing prototypes, and operating an experimental water treatment outfitted with a wide variety of sensors (salinity, pressure, temperature, flow rate). The student will also learn to post-process experimental data, and present results in group meetings.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will be responsible for designing and machining prototypes, testing them in an experimental water treatment system, post-processing data, and presenting the data in meeting. The experiments and data processing require open-ended problem solving to overcome a host of potential challenges, ranging from leaks, noisy data, replacing sensors and pumps, generating hypotheses, and designing experiments to test these hypotheses. The student will be mentored by Drs. Tilton and Cath, and gain valuable experience for a future career in industry or academia.

Faculty Mentor: Craig Brice | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Materials engineers can manipulate the atomic structure of an alloy to bring about changes in its mechanical behavior. To increase strength in the alloy, engineers have a few different techniques they can employ. Generally, these techniques introduce changes at the atomic level that make it more difficult for the atoms to move past each other during mechanical loading. This increased resistance to atom movement requires an increase in the applied stress necessary for deformation. Increasing the applied stress necessary for deformation is desirable in a high strength, high performing material. The strengthening mechanisms are driven by the composition of the alloy but also constrained by the manufacturing process used to make the shape. Not all strengthening techniques are available for all alloy/process combinations. Furthermore, some manufacturing techniques, like additive manufacturing, unlock some strengthening mechanisms unavailable to other conventional fabrication techniques. This is due to the rate at which solidification happens during fabrication – additive manufacturing can induce solidification rates multiple orders of magnitude higher than conventional casting processes. This can be used as an advantage when designing high performing alloys for specific fabrication techniques like additive manufacturing.

This project will explore a candidate aluminum alloy that demonstrates tailored chemistry for optimized strengthening for application in additive manufacturing processes. Three alloy compositions will be fabricated – one at a target composition, one lacking one specific alloy component, and the third lacking a different alloying component. Flat plates of these three alloys will be fabricated and a high-power laser will be used to create re-melt tracks on the surface which will simulate the rapid solidification typical of an additive manufacturing process. The remelt tracks will be heat treated to peak properties and the three alloys will be analyzed and compared to determine the specific strengthening increment for each of the alloying constituents. This work will help to guide future development of novel alloy compositions that could be used for high performance structures fabricated using additive manufacturing.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Student will:
– Support laser remelting trials of candidate alloys with supervision from research staff
– Conduct thermal aging study on the laser remelt tracks
– Prepare samples for standard metallurgical analysis
– Conduct metallurgical analysis including hardness testing and microscopy
– Analyze results and prepare poster/report documenting findings

Student learning objectives:
– Learn about strengthening mechanisms in metal alloys
– Learn how to formulate an experiment, execute the plan, analyze results, and document outcomes
– Learn proper analytical procedures for characterizing metal alloys

Supervisor mentoring activities:
– Provide background information related to metal alloy strengthening mechanisms
– Support laboratory experimentation, testing, and analysis
– Support poster development including structure, format, results, and future work

Faculty Mentor: Joy Gockel | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

There is a critical need to understand the impact of additive manufacturing (AM) processing on the mechanical performance. In AM the material is built at the same time as the component, which allows for the fabrication of parts that cannot be fabricated in any other way. Laser powder bed fusion AM can be used to build complex geometries. However, the material formed in these geometries is not represented in traditional mechanical test coupons. Therefore, novel test geometries must be explored. This project will develop a test method to characterize the influence of the surface on the fatigue properties for downward facing surfaces through design of relevant test coupon geometries, fabrication of coupons, mechanical testing and applying analytical prediction models.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will perform the coupon design, assist with the printing of specimens and perform mechanical testing. They will learn about additive manufacturing processing and mechanical testing methods. We will meet weekly to discuss research progress and plans for the next week. The student will also participate in full research group meetings and ADAPT center activities.

Faculty Mentor: Greg Jackson | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Inert and/or reactive solid oxide particles have been identified as a likely media for storing thermal energy from concentrating solar energy. This will enable efficient concentrating solar plants to provide dispatchible renewable electricity generation throughout the night. Challenges remain in the most effective means of transferring the energy into the particles in central tower solar receivers and getting the energy out in heat exchangers to drive thermal power plants. Our team at Mines has been leading efforts to better understand approaches in counterflow fluidized beds to improve particle-wall heat transfer for solar receivers and primary heat exchangers. There remains many uncertainties regarding our understanding of the limits of fluidized bed stability when particles and gases flow in the opposite directions. These questions of fluidized bed stability limits are exacerbated by the use of extended surfaces to improve the fluidized bed-wall heat transfer. The student on this project will work with graduate students and post-doctoral researchers to build a flow visualization rig that will enable lower-temperature tests to characterize fluidized bed stability as a function of particle size and density, wall geometries, and general gas flow conditions to provide a basis for developing improved models for fluidized bed heat transfer for solar receivers and heat exchangers. The student will work with image processing, data acquisition, thermal imaging, and some basic modeling tools and work with the Mines team while also gaining exposure to partners at national labs (NREL and Sandia) and with industrial partners (Heliogen, Brayton Energy, etc…).

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student’s role on this project will be as follows

1) Implement the final assembly of the flow visualization rig with full particle recycling loop (modified from existing high-temperature rig currently at Mines)
2) Implement optical and thermal imaging techniques with optical access fluidized beds
3) Develop image analysis tools using MATLAB and/or Python to assess fluidized bed behavior
4) Work with graduate students and post-doctoral researchers to implement flow stability limits into existing heat exchanger and receiver models for concentrating solar power plants.

The student’s learning objectives

1) Develop instrumentation skills for measuring temperatures, pressures, and particle flow rates
2) Leaning how to do effective data acquisition in LabView
3) Developing skills in image analysis (optical and thermal) for complex particle=fluid heat transfer problems
4) Gaining basic understanding of fluidized beds and their use in concentrating solar power plants with particle-based thermal energy storage.

Faculty Mentor: Carl Frick | Mechanical Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Project UMPIRE is funded work through the Department of Defense and sponsored by Picatinny Arsenal. During this 3 year project, we will develop prototype platforms designed to objectively evaluate and compare the performance of crew-served bipod mounted machine guns currently fielded by the US Army (M249, M240, M2A1). This project will enhance Department of Defense (DoD) mission effectiveness by providing a test and evaluation tool that can quickly and accurately compare machine gun components, accessories, and full systems based on objective measures of performance. Our system will provide quantitative data to inform improvements on current small arms and/or more efficiently down-select and design for future weapon platforms. Next generation machine guns will benefit from this technology by using data outputs to better tune hardware, improve accuracy on target, and increase the effectiveness of the shooter.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Project UMPIRE will span multiple disciplines, and demand a collaborative effort from students and engineers with diverse expertise. Major areas of focus include machine design, 3D modeling and computer aided manufacturing, system integration, mechatronics, software development, data acquisition and data analysis. Special emphasis will be put towards integrating stereo machine vision with high-speed cameras in order to track system kinematics. Students will be expected to work with full-time researchers to advance subprojects all the way from design and development, to construction, fielding, and final validation. Students will be expected to assist with guided experimentation, including substantial field work at the University owned Edgar Mine in Idaho Springs. Students will assist with writing technical reports and field manuals that will be delivered to the DoD for review. As with any project, but especially given the nature of this work, strict safety procedures will be enforced at all times, and students are expected to maintain professionalism and maturity throughout. By the end of the summer internship, it is expected that students will have learned the skills necessary to become strong independent researchers.

Especially looking for Mechanical, Electrical, and Computer Science majors.

Faculty Mentor: Geoff Brennecka | Metallurgical and Materials Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Aerosol spray deposition (ASD) is able to deposit dense layers of many materials–even hard ceramics–at room temperature by spraying powders at high velocity. The kinetic energy fractures the powder particles, which consolidate into dense layers of several micrometers thick. These layers are dense, but don’t have ideal microstructures for a lot of applications. This project will deposit layers of high performance electroceramics such as Barium Titanate using ASD and study their microstructure development during subsequent heat treatments.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The SURF student will work alongside a graduate student on film deposition via ASD and will work with both the graduate student and faculty mentor to understand how different deposition parameters affect film microstructure and properties. The SURF student will learn characterization techniques such as x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The graduate student on the project and the SURF student will work closely together throughout the summer, meeting at least weekly with the faculty mentor. By the end of the summer, the SURF student will work independently as a full partner on the project. The two primary objectives for the SURF student will be to 1) learn about ASD and materials characterization techniques and 2) expand the suite of materials that our lab can deposit via ASD.

Faculty Mentor: Kip Findley | Metallurgical and Materials Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Carburized steels, used frequently in automotive gears, are sometimes cryotreated prior to tempering as a means to improve performance. Some studies have found that the microstructure develops differently after cryotreating and tempering than after tempering directly. In this study, we will utilize multiple techniques to investigate carbide formation as a function of these heat treatments.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Undergraduate student role: Perform cryotreating and conventional heat treatments, perform characterization including microscopy and Mossbauer spectroscopy (with professional staff assistance).

Learning objectives: Learn about steel alloys, microstructures, and heat treatments related to carburized steels used for gearing applications. Learn conventional and advanced characterization techniques. Learn to design experiments, synthesize results, and put together a coherent story.

Faculty Mentor: Jonah Klemm-Toole | Metallurgical and Materials Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Stainless steels are commonly used for structural components in power generation applications. When parts fail in power plants, replacements are often not immediately available, so power companies can suffer outages that can incur significant costs in lost revenue and fines. Additive manufacturing has the potential to rapidly produce replacement parts for power plants, but the elevated temperature mechanical performance of additively manufactured stainless steels is largely unknown. In this work, the elevated temperature creep performance, or time dependent plastic deformation, of additively manufactured stainless steels will be evaluated and compared to conventionally manufactured stainless steels to determine if additive manufacturing is a viable option to produce components for power generation applications. The outcome of this work will contribute to improving the safety and reliability of the power generation infrastructure.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will work with graduate students in Jonah Klemm-Toole’s group to conduct creep tests of additively manufactured and conventionally manufactured stainless steels. The student will also conduct metallographic and microscopic evaluations to understand how the materials change from the creep test. The student will receive training from experienced graduate students to improve their skill set and benefit in their careers. The student meet weekly with Jonah Klemm-Toole to help solve problems, review results, and discuss next steps.

Faculty Mentor: Megan Holtz | Metallurgical and Materials Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Strain plays a critical role in all realms of solid-state materials technology, from batteries to semiconductors to metals. Full three-dimensional strain profiles around simple strained objects such as dislocations and at interfaces have been simulated, but never fully characterized on atomic length scales. This proposed work will develop methods to use scanning nanobeam electron diffraction algorithms for three-dimensional data reconstructions to map strain in three dimensions for various nanostructures. The work to develop these algorithms in MATLAB in this project will lead to the development and validation of a general technique to enable 3d strain mapping of many materials.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will (1) learn MATLAB, (2) simulate data, (3) develop MATLAB algorithms to process the data into three dimensional datasets. We will meet 1-2 times a week to work on the MATLAB code together.

Faculty Mentor: Jihye Kim | Applied Mathematics and Statistics

Project Abstract: 

Lithium-ion batteries have brought a paradigm shift in the field of energy generation and storage, particularly in electric transportation. However, the annual generation of spent lithium-ion battery waste is projected to exceed 5 million tons by 2030, with only 5% being recycled worldwide. To promote a circular economy and establish a waste-to-resource supply chain, it is imperative to develop efficient and sustainable metallurgical technologies for lithium-ion battery recycling. The objective of this research project is to advance the recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries through the development of next-generation recycling technologies. This project will develop a closed-loop process that minimizes waste while maximizing metal recovery.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The SURF student involved in this project will be jointly mentored by the faculty advisor and graduate students in the Kim Research Group. The student will work closely with the graduate student to investigate the solubility and leaching behaviors of battery metal oxides in ionic liquids. The student will also learn how to conduct compositional, morphological, and crystallographic analyses of solid and liquid samples. The progress of this SURF project will be regularly monitored through weekly meetings with the faculty advisor.

Faculty Mentor: Megan Holtz | Metallurgical and Materials Engineering

Project Abstract: 

In Hill Hall 302, we have set up a new molecular beam epitaxy thin film deposition system to grow designer oxide materials, where we can choose what material to grow atomic layer by layer. To grow these crystals, we need substrate materials that have perfect crystal facets which are perfectly clean. The surface of various substrate materials will be tuned by rinsing, etching, and annealing, and then verified using characterization tools such as atomic force microscopy. If you stay in the group additional time, you will be able to grow using the thin film deposition system. In this project, you will learn about thin film deposition, oxide materials, surface chemistry, and materials characterization (such as x-ray and electron diffraction techniques and various microscopies). Get in on the ground floor of an exciting materials engineering lab, and gain experimental skills that will be valuable as you launch your career. People who enjoy and/or want to learn hands-on work, who are in the early stages of undergrad, and/or who are women, minorities, or otherwise underrepresented are encouraged to participate.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

In this project, you will learn about sample cleaning, thin film deposition, oxide materials, surface chemistry, and materials characterization (such as x-ray and electron diffraction techniques and atomic force microscopies). People who enjoy and/or want to learn hands-on work, who are in the early stages of undergrad, and/or who are women, minorities, or otherwise underrepresented are encouraged to participate.

Faculty Mentor: Nicole Smith | Metallurgical and Materials Engineering

Project Abstract: 

The student will be contributing to funded projects on critical mineral developments in the United States. The US government has committed to supporting domestic critical mineral supply chains; however, these projects have been impacted by community opposition and changing policy frameworks. We aim to identify community perceptions on these developments through social science research to understand to what extent critical mineral developments in the US have or do not have the Social License to Operate.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

The student will be part of a research team that is focused on social aspects of critical mineral developments. The student may conduct desk-top literature review, potential field data collection, and data processing and analysis. The learning objectives are to impart the student with an understanding of and experience with social science research on pressing domestic issues. The student will receive mentorship from Dr. Smith, as well as 2 other professors at Mines, through collaborative work sessions and may have the opportunity to engage in field research by conducting interviews and/or surveys with stakeholders in areas where critical mineral developments are being proposed in the US.

Faculty Mentor: Parisa Bazazi | Petroleum Engineering

Project Abstract: 

To enhance the efficiency and sustainability of energy extraction processes, particularly in drilling and geothermal applications, our project proposes an innovative approach through the design of oil-in-water (O/W) or water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions using phase change materials (PCMs). Phase change materials are substances with a high heat of fusion which, upon melting and solidifying at a certain temperature, are capable of storing and releasing large amounts of energy. By integrating PCMs into emulsions, we aim to develop a fluid system that can absorb, store, and release thermal energy during the drilling process or within geothermal systems. Our methodology involves a systematic approach to formulate and characterize the PCM emulsions. Initially, we will identify suitable PCMs that operate effectively at the temperature ranges encountered in drilling and geothermal applications. Then we will focus on optimizing the emulsion’s stability, thermal properties, and flow characteristics to ensure compatibility with existing infrastructure and operational protocols.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Students will work on formulating emulsions using various types of polymers, surfactants, and particles. They will work with interfacial tension measurement methods, rheology, and microscopy methods to characterize the emulsions. Later, they will design microfluidic devices to test the efficacy of emulsions under flow condition.

Best students will develop skill on:
1) literature review
2) Scientific writing
3) Presentation skills

Faculty Mentor: Yilin Fan | Petroleum Engineering

Project Abstract: 

The objective of this project is to evaluate the heat transfer for gas-liquid two-phase flow in low-temperature geothermal closed-loop wells using Computational Fluid Dynamics and compare it with the heat gain for single-phase wells. Geothermal research has been active in recent years. As a promising geothermal energy technology, the closed loop system ensures a safer environment compared to EGS (enhanced geothermal system). However, one of the problems is its low heater transfer efficiency. This project will test a new idea of using two-phase gas-liquid intermittent flow to enhance heat transfer efficiency in a closed loop system, using Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

In this project, the student will take the lead in running the CFD simulations.
He/She will:
1. learn the geothermal system, especially the closed loop system,
2. design and run computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations,
3. learn about the fundamentals of multiphase flow in pipes, and heat transfer in single and multiphase flow in wellbores.

Faculty Mentor: Parisa Bazazi | Petroleum Engineering

Project Abstract: 

Nano-scale materials, an emerging class of colloidal particles, have shown immense promise in petroleum engineering. Laboratory experiments have demonstrated that incorporating nanoparticles into injection water can significantly enhance oil production from porous media. However, practical implementation of nanoparticle dispersion flooding in the field remains a challenge due to the cost associated with nanoparticles and the nanoparticle dispersions under high-pressure, high-temperature conditions. This research proposal investigates the in-situ formation of carbon nanomaterials derived from asphaltenes, naturally present in crude oil, at oil-water interfaces. When the aqueous phase is injected into porous media to displace oil, asphaltenes that are surface-active molecules migrate to the oil-water interface. In the absence of surfactants in the aqueous phase, they form large clusters at the interface, leading to deposition on the rock and flow pathway blockages. Our proposed approach introduces surfactant assemblies into the aqueous phase to address this issue. Upon reaching the oil-water interface, asphaltenes become encapsulated within the surfactant assemblies. This prevents the formation of large asphaltene clusters and results in the nucleation of carbon nanoparticles. Furthermore, this research project investigate the impact of in-situ generated nanoparticles on droplet snap-off, mobilization of oil from dead-end pores, and detachment of oil films from rock surfaces. By exploring the potential for interfacial synthesis of nano-carbons during oil-water displacement process, our study aims to provide valuable insights into an innovative enhanced oil recovery technique. This technique can potentially overcome existing limitations in nanoparticle dispersion flooding and transform asphaltenes, traditionally challenging materials, into valuable agents for oil recovery.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Student will work under direct supervision of PI to conduct an experimental research on the synthesis of carbon-based materials for enhanced oil recovery applications.

Faculty Mentor: Patrice Genevet | Physics

Project Abstract: 

In this project, you would be assembling a beam scanning system that leverages the light deflection capabilities of Metasurfaces (MS) for 3D imaging. MS are functional optical interfaces made up of arrays of nano-objects of different sizes and geometries assembled on a surface with a periodicity smaller than the wavelength, creating a “homogenized” optical response without diffraction effects. These artificial elements have proven effective for controlling phase, amplitude, and/or polarization of light.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Learning concepts related to LiDAR and 3D imaging, learning synchronization and instrumentation, assembling optical setup, learning basic concept in nanophotonics including light scattering and metasurfaces design.

Faculty Mentor: Eric Mayotte | Physics

Project Abstract: 

The student will work with Prof Eric Mayotte and PhD Student Julia Burton on designing and carrying out a range of tests on mirror assemblies planned to be flown on a proposed super pressure balloon experiment, POEMMA-Balloon with Radio (PBR).

The PBR experiment targets the first observation of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays and high-energy neutrinos from near space.
The payload consists of a large (for near space) 2m telescope with dual optics and cameras and a very broad band paired radio instrument, all of which will measure in concert.

The Colorado School of Mines is responsible for the full design and fabrication of the Optomechanical system, and the mirror assembly is a key and critical feature of this system.

Student’s role and learning objectives: 

Student Role: The student will work closely with Ph.D. student Julia Burton and Prof Mayotte and will build testing equipment, run experiments, take data, and perform analyses. The main deliverable at the end of the project will be a testing plan and report, which will be used in NASA’s flight approval process.

Learning Objectives: The student will learn how to design and conduct mechanical and scientific testing of critical hardware. They will learn to build experiments to achieve specific goals and iterate their design. They will also learn how to write testing reports and perform design reviews.

Mentoring Activities: The student will meet regularly with Prof. Eric Mayotte. During these meetings, the progress of the project will be a focus. However, time will also be spent on the student’s professional development, including discussion of career goals, planning on how to get, and reviewing their CV.